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Many communities have a custom of announcing on the night of 9 Av the years since the destruction of the Temple. The Yemenite rite is unique in that it announces both the years since the destruction of the second, but also the years since the destruction of the first, in this poetic form recited after the conclusion of the evening kinnot. Why? Because the Yemenite community traced its origins back to the destruction of the first temple, claiming not to have returned under Ezra. Here the original Hebrew text is included along with a new translation and a transcription in the Yemenite pronunciation style.
Note: “The CAUSE” is used to translate the Divine Name YHVH, based on the philosophical idea of God as the Prime Mover and on the interpretation of the Name as a causative form of the copula – “causes to be.”
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| Source (Hebrew) | Transliteration (Romanized Hebrew) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|---|
כִּי בַּעֲוֹנֹתֵֽינוּ וּבַעֲווֹנוֹת אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ אָנוּ מוֹנִים לְחׇרְבָּן בֵּית־אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וּלְפִזּוּר עַם־יְהוָה אֵֽלֶּה מֵעַל אַדְמַת קׇדְשֵֽׁנוּ |
Ki bæ-ȝæ̆wønøthénu u-væ-ȝæ̆wønøth ‘æ̆vøthénu ónu mønim lo-ḥorbon beth ‘Æ̆løhénu ul-fizzur ȝæm ‘Æ̆dhønoy ‘éllæ me-ȝæl ‘ædhmæth godhshénu |
For our iniquities and our ancestors’ iniquities, We count from the destruction of the house of our God, And the scattering of this people of the CAUSE from our holy land. |
הַיּוֹם לְחׇרְבָּן בַּֽיִת שֵׁנִי אֲשֶׁר בָּנָה עֶזְרָא אֲדוֹנֵֽנוּ אֶֽלֶף וְתִּשְׁעָה מֵאוֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁים וְוְשָׁלוֹשׁ שְׁנֵי יְגוֹנוֹתֵֽינוּ |
hæy-yøm lo-ḥorbon bǽyith sheni ‘æ̆shær bono ȝæzro’ ‘æ̆dhønénu ‘ǽlæf wǝ-tishȝo me’øth wæ-ḥæ̆misshim wæ-‘sholøsh shǝney yǝghønøthénu |
Today, from the destruction of the Second House that Ezra our master built, is 1,953[1] This calculation is for the year 5781/2021 according to traditional rabbinic Jewish reckoning which holds that the destruction of the second temple occurred in 68CE (rather than 70 CE). To calculate, take the current Jewish year and subtract 3828. years of our mourning. |
וּלְחׇרְבָּן בַּיִת רִאשׁוֹן וּלְפִזּוּר אַנְשֵׁי גָּלוּתֵֽנוּ אֲנַֽחְנוּ הַגּוֹלִים פֹּה בַּאֲרָצוֹת מוֹנֵֽינוּ הַיּוֹם אַלְפַּֽיִם וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת וְאַרְבָּעִים וְאַרְבַּע שָׁנִים עַל רֹב עֲוֹנֹתֵֽינוּ. |
ul-ḥorbon bǽyith rishøn ul-fizzur ‘ænshey joluthénu ‘æ̆nǽḥnu haj-jølim pø bæ-‘æ̆roṣøth mønénu hæy-yøm ‘ælpǽyim wᵆ-ærbæȝ me’øth wᵆ-ærbæȝim wᵆ-ærbæȝ shonim ȝæl røv ȝæ̆wønøthénu |
And from the destruction of the First House and the scattering of our exile’s people we exiled here in these lands [Yemen] count: Today is 2,443[2] This calculation is for the year 5781/2021 according to traditional rabbinic Jewish reckoning which holds that the destruction of the first temple occurred in 423 BCE (rather than 587 BCE). To calculate, take the current Jewish year and subtract 3338. years for our many iniquities. |
עַל זֹאת נִשְׁכְּבָ֣ה בְּבׇשְׁתֵּ֗נוּ וּֽתְכַסֵּ֘נוּ֮ כְּלִמָּתֵ֒נוּ֒ וְלֹא נִשְׁכַּח מִקְדָּשׁ תִּפְאַרְתֵּֽנוּ אִם־תִּשְׁכַּח יְמִינֵֽנוּ (ירמיה ג:כה) |
Ȝæl zøth nishkvo bǝ-voshténu uth-khæssénu kǝlimmothénu wǝ-lø’ nishkæḥ migdosh tifǝ’ærténu ‘im tishkæḥ yǝminénu |
For this, we lie down in shame and our disgrace covers us And we will not forget our beautiful Holy Place, if our right hand forgets. (Jeremiah 3:25) |
לְזֹאת נִבְכָּה וּנְקוֹנֵן כׇּל־יְמֵי שְׁנוֹתֵֽינוּ וְלֹא נִקַּח נֶחָמָה עַד יִבָּנֶה בֵּית זְבוּלֵֽנוּ וְאֶל־גְּבוּל אַרְצֵֽנוּ יַחֲזִירֶֽנּוּ שׁוּבָ֣ה יְ֭הֹוָה אֶת־שְׁבִיתֵ֑נוּ (תהלים קכו:ד) |
lǝ-zøth nivko un-gønen kol yǝme shǝnøthénu wǝ-lø’ niggoḥ næḥomo ȝædh yibonæ beth zǝvulénu wǝ-‘æl jǝvul ‘ærṣénu yæḥæ̆zirǽnnu shuvó ‘Æ̆dhønoy ‘æth shǝvithénu! |
For this we will weep and lament all the days of our years And will not take comfort until our glorious House is built And God returns us to the border of our lands. Return, CAUSE, our exile! (Psalm 126:4) |
The text of this declaration relies on the transcription of the Tikhlal Ets Ḥayyim of Yiḥyah Salaḥ (1713-1805) by אבי84, a contributor to Hebrew Wikisource. The specific edition of the copy is given as Jerusalem 1894.
Notes
| 1 | This calculation is for the year 5781/2021 according to traditional rabbinic Jewish reckoning which holds that the destruction of the second temple occurred in 68CE (rather than 70 CE). To calculate, take the current Jewish year and subtract 3828. |
|---|---|
| 2 | This calculation is for the year 5781/2021 according to traditional rabbinic Jewish reckoning which holds that the destruction of the first temple occurred in 423 BCE (rather than 587 BCE). To calculate, take the current Jewish year and subtract 3338. |
“Announcement of the Count of Years since the Destruction of the (First) Temple, from the Yemenite Baladi-Rite (Tikhlal Ets Ḥayyim of Yiḥya Tsalaḥ)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International copyleft license.
Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation)
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