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In Jewish liturgy, some passages are dəvarim she-bi-qdusha, passages that require public communal prayer. Most famous among these are the Qaddish, Barkhu, and Qədusha. But people are not always able to pray in a community! In liturgical history both ancient and modern many different tashlumim (replacements) for these texts when praying individually have been suggested. The following is a replacement for the Qadish Shalem of Shaḥarit that used to be found in many traditional Ashkenazi siddurim.
While Isaac Seligman Baer’s Seder Avodat Yisrael was used as a source, these specific replacements are also found in works as varied as the Kitsur SheLaH and the siddur of the Yaavets. (This is exceptionally ironic since the known heresy-hunter was the one who proved the Kitsur SheLaH was a Sabbatean work!) Many of the texts found here are in variant form, often a form not found elsewhere in manuscripts.
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| Source (Hebrew) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|
מי שאינו יכול להתפלל עם הציבור או שאיחר לבוא לביה״כ ולא שמע קדיש או ברכו או קדושה הוא ישלים חסרונו בפסוקים וברייתות המדברות מענינים אלו, וע״פ הנוסחאות הנאות. |
One who cannot pray with the community or who is late in coming to synagogue and did not hear the Qaddish, Barkhu, or Qədushah, can make up his absence with verses and tannaitic teachings that speak of these matters, and according to the appropriate nusḥaot. |
מי שלא שמע קדיש שלם יאמר זה אחר תחנון׃ |
One who did not hear the Qaddish Shalem says this after Taḥanun: |
זֶה אוֹמֵר אֲנִי בִּמְקוֹם קַדִּישׁ שָׁלֵם׃ |
This I am saying in place of the Qaddish Shalem! |
וְעַתָּ֕ה יִגְדַּל־נָ֖א כֹּ֣חַ אֲדֹנָ֑י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ לֵאמֹֽר׃ (במדבר יד:יז) וְהִתְגַּדִּלְתִּי֙ וְהִתְקַדִּשְׁתִּ֔י וְנ֣וֹדַעְתִּ֔י לְעֵינֵ֖י גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֑ים וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃ (יחזקאל לח:כג) |
And now, let the strength of my Master greaten, as You spoke, saying… (Numbers 14:17) And I will be greatened and sanctified and made known to the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am the Cause. (Ezekiel 38:23) |
בָּרְכִ֥י נַפְשִׁ֗י אֶת־יְ֫הֹוָ֥ה יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱ֭לֹהַי גָּדַ֣לְתָּ מְּאֹ֑ד ה֖וֹד וְהָדָ֣ר לָבָֽשְׁתָּ׃ (תהלים קד:א) |
Bless the Cause, my soul! O Cause my God, You are very great, pomp and pageantry You wear. (Psalms 104:1) |
לֶהֱוֵ֨א שְׁמֵ֤הּ דִּֽי־אֱלָהָא֙ מְבָרַ֔ךְ מִן־עָלְמָ֖א וְעַ֣ד עָלְמָ֑א דִּ֧י חׇכְמְתָ֛א וּגְבוּרְתָ֖א דִּ֥י לֵֽהּ־הִֽיא׃ (דניאל ב:כ) |
May the name of God be blessed from eternity until eternity, as wisdom as strength is Theirs. (Daniel 2:20) |
אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי כׇּל־הָעוֹנֶה אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵיהּ רַבָּא מְבָרַךְ בְּכׇל־כֹּחוֹ קוֹרְעִין לוֹ גְּזַר דִּינוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בִּפְרֹ֤עַ פְּרָעוֹת֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּהִתְנַדֵּ֖ב עָ֑ם בָּֽרְכ֖וּ יְהֹוָֽה׃ (שופטים ה:ב) מַה טַֽעַם בִּפְרֹ֤עַ פְּרָעוֹת֙ מִשּׁוּם דְּבָּֽרְכ֖וּ יְהֹוָֽה׃ (בבלי שבת קיט ב׳) |
Said Rabbi Yehoshuaȝ son of Levi, all who respond ‘Amen! May Their great name be blessed’ with all their strength, they tear up their decreed judgment, as it is said: ‘When rebukes are rebuked in Israel, when the people volunteers, bless the Cause!’ (Judges 5:2) Why are rebukes rebuked? Because of ‘bless the Cause!’” (Bavli Shabbat 119b) |
אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן גַּדְיָא כׇּל־מִי שֶׁעוֹנֶה אָמֵן בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה זוֹכֶה וְעוֹנֶה אָמֵן לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָּר֖וּךְ יְהֹוָ֥ה לְעוֹלָ֗ם אָ֘מֵ֥ן ׀ וְאָמֵֽן׃ אָ֘מֵ֥ן בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וְאָמֵֽן לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא׃ (ילקוט שמעוני על נ”ך תשמ״א:ו׳) |
Said Rabbi Yehoshuaȝ son of Gadya: “all who respond ‘Amen!‘ in this world merit and respond ‘Amen!‘ for the next world, as it is said, ‘Bless the Cause, amen and amen!‘ (Psalms 89:53) Amen in this world, and amen for the next world.” (Yalkut Shimoni on Nach, 741:6) |
Source(s)
“תשלומי קדיש שלם שחרית ליחיד (אשכנז) | Replacement for the Ḳaddish Shalem of Shaḥarit when Praying Alone or Without a Minyan, from Seder Avodat Yisrael (1868)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International copyleft license.
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Praying Jew, a painting by
Aleksander Grodzicki (1893) in the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw
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ויהי נעם אדני אלהינו עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננה עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננהו "May the pleasantness of אדֹני our elo’ah be upon us; may our handiwork be established for us — our handiwork, may it be established." –Psalms 90:17
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