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| Source (Hebrew) | Translation (English) | |||||||||||||||
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זהר חלק ב׳ פח ב
Zohar II 88b
בְּיוֹמָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא בִּסְעוּדָתָא תִּנְיָינָא כְּתִיב “אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל־יְהוָה” (ישעיה נח:יד חלק), עַל יהוה וַדַּאי, דְּהַהִיא שַׁעֲתָא אִתְגַּלְיָא עַתִּיקָא קַדִּישָׁא וְכֻלְּהוּ עָלְמִין בְּחֶדְוָותָא וּשְׁלִימוּ וְחֶדְוָותָא דְּעַתִּיקָא עַבְדֵּינָן, וּסְעוּדָתָא דִּילֵיהּ הוּא וַדַּאי. בִּסְעוּדָתָא תְּלִיתָאָה דְּשַׁבְּתָא כְּתִיב “וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ”, דָּא הִיא סְעוּדָתָא דִּזְעֵיר אַפִּין דְּהַוֵי בִּשְׁלֵימוּתָא וְכֻלְּהוּ שִׁיתָא יוֹמִין מֵהַהוּא שְׁלִימוּ מִתְבָּרְכָן, וּבָעֵי בַּר נָשׁ לְמֶחדֵי בִּסְעוּדָתֵיהּ וּלְאַשְׁלְמָא אִלֵּין סְעוּדָתֵי דְּאִינּוּן סְעוּדָתֵי מְהֵימָנוּתָא שְׁלֵימָתָא דְּזַרְעָא קַדִּישָׁא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דִּי מְהֵימָנוּתָא עִלָּאָה דָּא דִּילְהוֹן וְלָא דִּשְׁאָר עַמִּין, וּבְגִינִי כַּךְ אָמַר “בֵּינִי וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל” (שמות לא:יז חלק).
[continued, Rabbi Shim’on] “Of Shabbat day, the second meal, is written “Then you will delight על יהוה (al YHVH), upon YHVH”[1] Isaiah 58:14 part. — above YHVH, precisely! For at that moment the Holy Ancient One becomes manifest, and all worlds are joyously fulfilled. We actualize the joy of the Ancient One; the meal is His, surely! “Of the third Shabbat meal is written ‘and I will feed you the inheritance of your father Yaaqov'[2] Isaiah 58:14 part. —meal of the Short-Tempered One, who becomes complete, and all those six days are blessed from that completeness. One should rejoice in His meal, completing these meals, which are meals of complete faith of the holy seed of Yisrael—to whom alone this supernal faith belongs, not to other peoples; therefore He said, ‘between Me and the Children of Yisrael'[3] Exodus 31:17 part. .”
תָּא חֲזֵי, בִּסְעוּדָתֵי אִלֵּין אִשְׁתְּמוֹדְעֻן יִשְׂרָאֵל דְּאִינּוּן בְּנִי מַלְכָּא דְּאִינּוּן מֵהֵיכָלָא דְּמַלְכָּא דְּאִינּוּן בְּנִי מְהֵימָנוּתָא וּמַאן דְּפָגִים חַד סְעוּדָתָא מִנַּיְיהוּ אַחְזֵי פְּגִימוּתָא לְעֵילָּא וְאַחְזֵי גַּרְמֵיהּ דְּלָאו מִבְּנֵי מַלְכָּא הוּא דְּלָאו מִבְּנֵי הֵיכָלָא דְּמַלְכָּא הוּא דְּלָאו מִזַּרְעָא קַדִּישָׁא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא וְיָהֲבִין עָלֵיהּ חוּמְרָא דִּתְלַת מִלִּין דִּינָא דְּגֵיהִנָּם וְכוּ׳.
“Come and see: By these meals [the children of] Yisrael are recognized as children of the King, as belonging to the royal palace, as scions of faith. Whoever impairs one of these meals exposes a defect above and demonstrates that he is not one of the children of the King nor a member of the royal palace nor of the holy seed of Yisrael. He is inflicted with the severity of three elements: the judgment of Gehinom…”
וְתָא חֲזִי, בְּכֻלְּהוּ שְׁאַר זִמְנִין וְחַגִּין בָּעֵי בַּר נָשׁ ליחדי וּלְמֵחְדֵי לְמִסְכְּנֵי, וְאִי הוּא חַדֵּי בִּלְחוֹדוֹי וְלָא יָהִיב לְמִסְכְּנֵי עוֹנְשֵׁיהּ סַגִּי דְּהָא בִּלְחוֹדוֹי חַדֵּי וְלָא יָהִיב חִדוּ לְאָחֲרָא, עָלֵיהּ כְּתִיב “וְזֵרִיתִי פֶרֶשׁ עַל־פְּנֵיכֶם פֶּרֶשׁ חַגֵּיכֶם” (מלאכי ב:ג חלק), וְאִילוּ בְּשַׁבָּת אִי אִיהוּ חַדֵּי אַף עַל גַּב דְּלָא יָהִיב לְאָחֳרֵי לָא יַהֲבִין עָלֵיהּ עוֹנְשָׁא כִּשְׁאַר זִמְנִין וְחַגִּין דִּכְתִּיב “פֶּרֶשׁ חַגֵּיכֶם”, פֶּרְשׁ חַגֵּיכֶם קָאָמַר וְלֹא שַׁבַּתְּכֶם, וּכְתִיב “חָדְשֵׁיכֶם וּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶם שָׂנְאָה נַפְשִׁי” (ישעיה א:יד חלק), וְאִילוּ שַׁבָּת לָא קָאָמַר, וּבְגִינֵי כַּךְ כְּתִיב “בֵּינִי וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל” (שמות לא:יז חלק).
“Come and see: On all other festivals and holy days, one should rejoice himself and give joy to the poor. If he rejoices alone without providing for the poor, his punishment is severe, since he rejoices alone without giving joy to another. Of him is written ‘I will spread dung upon your faces, the dung of your festivals'[4] Malachi 2:3 part. . Whereas on Shabbat if he rejoices even without giving to others, he is not inflicted with punishment as on other festivals and holy days, for it is written: ‘the dung of your festivals’—the dung of your festivals, not your Shabbats. Similarly, it is written: ‘Your new moons and festivals My soul hates'[5] Isaiah 1:14 part. , whereas it does not mention Shabbat. Therefore it is written: ‘between Me and the Children of Yisrael'[6] Exodus 31:17 part. .
וּמִשּׁוּם דְּכָל מְהֵימָנוּתָא אִשְׁתְּכַח בְּשַׁבָּתָא יַהֲבִין לֵיהּ לְבַר נָשׁ נִשְׁמְתָא אַחֲרָא נִשְׁמְתָא עִלָּאָה נִשְׁמְתָא דְּכָל שְׁלִימוּ בָּהּ כְּדוּגְמָא דְּעָלְמָא דְּאָתֵי, וּבְגִינֵי כַּךְ אִקְרֵי שַׁבָּת. מַהוּ שַׁבָּת, שְׁמָא דְּקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא שְׁמָא דְּהוּא שְׁלִים מִכָּל סִטְרוֹי.
“Since all of faith inheres in Shabbat, a person is given another soul, a supernal soul, a soul containing all perfection, on the model of the world that is coming. Therefore it is called ‘Shabbat.’ What is Shabbat? The Name of the blessed Holy One, a name complete on all sides.”
אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסִי וַדַּאי כַּךְ הוּא. וַוי לֵיהּ לְבַר נָשׁ דְּלָא אַשְׁלִים חֶדָוָותָא דְּמַלְכָּא קַדִּישָׁא. וּמַאן חֶדְוָותָא דֵּילֵיהּ, אִלֵּין תְּלַת סְעוּדָתֵי מְהֵימָנוּתָא סְעוּדָתֵי דְּאַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב כְּלִילָן בְּהוּ וְכֻלְּהוּ חִדוּ עַל חִדוּ מְהֵימָנוּתָא שְׁלֵימֻתָא מִכָּל סִטְרוֹי.
Rabbi Yosé said, “Certainly so! Woe to one who does not complete the joy of the Holy King! What is His joy? These three meals of faith, meals encompassing Avraham, Yitsḥaq, and Yaaqov of them joy upon joy, faith complete on all sides.”
תָּאנָא בַּהֲדֵין יוֹמָא מתעטרי אֲבָהָן וְכָל בְּנִין יַנְקִין מַה דְּלָא כֵּן בְּכָל שְׁאַר חַגִּין וּזְמָנִין. בְּהַאי יוֹמָא נַיְיחִין חַיָּיבַיָּא דְּגֵיהִנָּם, בַּהֲדֵין יוֹמָא כָּל דִּינִין אִתְכַּפְיָין וְלָא מִתְעָרִין בְּעָלְמָא. בַּהֲדֵין יוֹמָא אוֹרַיְיתָא מִתְעַטְּרָא בְּעִטְרִין שְׁלֵימִין, בַּהֲדֵין יוֹמָא חֶדְוָותָא וְתַפְנוּקָא אִשְׁתְּמַע בְּמָאתָן וְחַמְשִׁין עָלְמִין.
“It has been taught: On this day the patriarchs are crowned and all the children suckle, unlike all other holy days and festivals. On this day the wicked in Gehinom find rest. On this day all judgments are suppressed, not arousing in the world. On this day Torah is crowned with perfect crowns. On this day joy and delight are heard throughout two-hundred and fifty worlds.”
בָּרוּךְ יְיָ לְעוֹלָם אָמֵן וְאָמֵן׃
Blessed is YHVH in the Cosmos, Amen v’Amen. |
The transcription above has been pointed according to the text at Sefaria (copied from Torat Emet Freeware) and checked against the critical transcription made available by the Zohar Education Project (Daniel Matt) pp.197-199.
The translation above was adapted from that of Daniel Matt in The Zohar: Pritzker edition, volume four (Stanford University Press 2007). Please consult this volume for Matt’s invaluable commentary.
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“💬 זָכוֹר אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ | Remember the Shabbat day to keep it holy, a reading for the second se’udah of Shabbat from the Zohar (parashat Yitro)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project under their Fair Use Right (17 U.S. Code §107 - Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use), in respect to the copyrighted material included. Any additional work that is not already in the Public Domain is shared under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
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