Herbert Friedenwald (September 20, 1870 – April 28, 1944), born in Baltimore, Maryland, was a Jewish-American librarian and historian. He graduated from Johns Hopkins University in 1890 and received a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1894. He was one the forty-one founding members of the American Jewish Historical Society in 1892. He was the first superintendent of the Library of Congress manuscript department from 1897 to 1900. He studied the early history of the United States specifically, writing mainly on the Continental Congress. Friedenwald became secretary of the American Jewish Committee when it was founded in 1906, serving in that position for the next seven years. As the Committee's first secretary, he helped implement its constitution and bylaws, formulated organizational procedures, and helped established and maintained cordial relations with its membership. When the Committee worked to abrogate the Russo-American Treaty of 1832, he did research for the Committee before congressional investigations, helped organize reports, and helped lead a nationwide correspondence campaign to end the treaty. He edited the American Jewish Year Book from 1908 to 1912 and was a member of the Jewish Publication Society's Publication Committee, which published the Year Book. He left the Committee in 1913, after which he traveled across the country and the world. He ultimately settled in Washington, D.C., and became an unofficial Jewish representative. In 1936, he established Friedenwald Foundation, which promoted Jewish education in Baltimore, with his wife Rose Diebold Friedenwald.