![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): This is the Kol Nidrei as offered by the Hannover Synagogue on Yom Kippur in 1937 according to the text provided in a poster, “Agende für Kol-nidre und Seelenfeier in der Synaogen-Gemeinde Hannover” (10 September 1937). Thank you to David Selis for providing digital images of the poster. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The second edition of the Union Hymnal for Jewish Worship by the Central Conference of American Rabbis. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A “provisional edition” of the Reform movement’s Union Prayer Book for six morning services (containing additional material) for Reform Synagogues with daily morning services. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A hymnal compiled by one of the Reform rabbis who first prepared the Union Prayerbook. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first edition of the Union Hymnal by the Central Conference of American Rabbis. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): This is Rabbi Emil Hirsch’s 1896 translation and adaption of Rabbi David Einhorn’s original German volumes of עלת תמיד Olath Tamid. (This edition followed after the first English translation that was published in 1872.) Besides his adapted translation, Hirsch also introduced a number of other changes which he summarized in his preface. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A prayer for the government composed by the Central Conference of American Rabbis and included in their Union Prayer Book. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first edition of the Union Prayer Book (part one), the official prayerbook of the Reform Movement in the United States of America until its revision. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first edition of the Union Prayer Book (part two), a maḥzor for Rosh haShanah and Yom Kippur. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A siddur supplement compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise containing teḥinot in English for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag Ameriḳa. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A siddur in Hebrew with English translation compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag America. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): Rabbi David Einhorn’s (1809-1878) prayer book `Olat Tamid (lit. the perpetual sacrifice)…first penned in Germany, served as the model for the Union Prayer Book,….the prayer book of the American Reform movement for almost eight decades. It reflected what is now called “classical Reform,” eliminating prayers for the restoration of Zion, mentions of the messiah, and bodily resurrection of the dead, while diminishing mentions of Jewish chosenness and the like. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A collection of hymns used by Temple Emanu-El in New York City. The hymn book mainly contains hymns in German with English translation by Rabbi James Koppel Gutheim (1817-1886) with another handful in English including one by Rabbi Moritz Mayer (1821-1867), and the rest by a young Felix Adler (before his founding of Ethical Culture). . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A collection of hymns, psalms, and paraliturgical prayers for festivals and other events in German and English compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag Ameriḳa. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): One of the most revolutionary alterations made by the early Reform movement in Germany was their replacement of Kol Nidre with a German hymn, sung to the same melody: O Tag des Herrn. But when the early Reformers came to the United States, they adopted a new language, English. In 1866, the American Reform Jewish community was largely bilingual in German and English, and Isaac Mayer (No Relation) Wise’s 1866 service for the Day of Atonement took account for that, including a singable English translation of the singable German replacement for Kol Nidre. I have also included a musical score which uses I. M. Wise’s English text in Louis Lewandowsky’s original setting of O Tag des Herrn. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A maḥzor for Yom Kippur in Hebrew with English translation compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag America. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A maḥzor for Rosh haShanah in Hebrew with English translation compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag Ameriḳa. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): A siddur in Hebrew with German translation compiled by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise for Liberal/Reform congregations establishing a Minhag Ameriḳa. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): Rabbi David Einhorn’s prayer book `Olat Tamid (lit. the perpetual sacrifice)…first penned in Germany, served as the model for the Union Prayer Book,….the prayer book of the American Reform movement for almost eight decades. It reflected what is now called “classical Reform,” eliminating prayers for the restoration of Zion, mentions of the messiah, and bodily resurrection of the dead, while diminishing mentions of Jewish chosenness and the like. This is עלת תמיד Olat Tamid by Rev. Dr. David Einhorn (1809-1878), in its German-Hebrew edition (1858). . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first prayerbook largely composed by a Jewish woman and the first prayerbook compiled by a Jewish woman in the United States. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first prayerbook largely composed by a Jewish woman and the first prayerbook compiled by a Jewish woman in the United States. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): “Erhöre, Herr, mein Wort” is a hymn selected by Rabbi Gotthold Salomon, Immanuel Wohlwill, and Maimon Fraenkel for inclusion in the Hamburg Temple Hymnal (1833), hymn №300, pp. 367-368. The first three stanzas were translated by Rabbi James Koppel Gutheim and published as “Erhebung zu Gott! (Trust in God)” in his Hymns, for Divine Service in the Temple Emanu-El (1871) as hymn №2, pp. 4-5. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): “Auf, auf, den Herrn zu loben” is a hymn by the Lutheran composer of hymns, Johann Franck (1618-1677). The first two stanzas were translated by Rabbi James Koppel Gutheim and published as “Ein gottergehener sinn (Pious Resignation.)” in his Hymns, for Divine Service in the Temple Emanu-El (1871) as hymn №4, pp. 8-9. The use of these two stanzas in a Jewish context can be found in Gebet- und Gesangbuch für die sabbathe und Feste des Jahres: eingefuehrt in der israelitischen Gemeinde zu Coblenz (1850), hymn №18, p. 117. The source of the text from a Christian hymnal is that of Schatzkästlein von hundert und fünfzig geistreichen Liedern älterer Zeit (Samuel Christian Gottfried Küster, 1821) where it is hymn №6, p. 10. The original printing of the hymn is found in the first volume of Franck’s collected hymns Teutsche Gedichte, enthaltend geistliches Zion samt Vaterunserharfe nebst irdischem Helicon oder Lob-, Lieb-, Leidgedichte, etc (Guben, 1674), pp. 212-214. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): “Heil’ge Sabbath-Ruhe” is a hymn selected by Rabbi Gotthold Salomon, Immanuel Wohlwill, and Maimon Fraenkel for inclusion in the Hamburg Temple Hymnal (1833), hymn №342, p. 415. The first, fourth, and sixth stanzas were translated by Rabbi James Koppel Gutheim and published as “Der Sabbath (The Sabbath)” in his Hymns, for Divine Service in the Temple Emanu-El (1871) as hymn №1, pp. 2-3. The hymn also appears as the preface to Gotthold Salomon’s sermon “Der Segen des Sabbathtages” in Der berg des Herrn: Kanzel-vorträge über den Decalog (1846), p. 32 lending me to think that the hymn was at the very least appreciated by him, and possibly also written by him. –Aharon Varady . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): This is the Hamburg Temple Hymnal in its original 1833 edition, alternately titled, Allgemeines Israelitisches Gesangbüch fur Gotteshaüser und Schulen, compiled by Maimon Fraenkel, Gotthold Salomon, and Immanuel Wohlwill. . . .
![](data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E) Contributor(s): The first Reform prayerbook in the United States and the fourth oldest Reform liturgy in the world. . . .
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