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		<title>Primary sources in open-source Judaism: Rabbi Yitsḥoq Hutner’s Paḥad Yitzḥoq, Rosh haShanah Ma’amar Bet</title>
		<link>https://opensiddur.org/miscellanea/meta-topics/open-source-judaism/source-texts/primary-sources-in-open-source-judaism-rabbi-yitzchok-hutners-pahad-yitzhok-rosh-hashana-maamar-bet/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ally Ehrman]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2015 18:28:07 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Source Texts]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[In our continuing effort to expose the foundations of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Source_Judaism">Open Source Judaism</a> in Jewish source texts, we have made a transcription of Rabbi Ally Ehrman's <em>shiur</em> (lesson) explaining Rabbi Yitsḥoq Hutner's ראש השנה מאמר ב "Rosh Hashana Ma'amar 2" (circa 1950s) published in <strong>Paḥad Yitsḥoq</strong>, (a compendium of Rabbi Hutner's teachings from the 1950s until his death in 1983). The ma'amar is an explication of the verse in Proverbs and familiar to anyone that sings Eyshet Ḥayil before the Sabbath evening meal, "She opens her mouth with wisdom, and a loving-kind Torah is on her tongue," (Proverbs 31:26). The ma'amar weaves ideas by the Maharal from Gevurot Hashem (6:4) commenting on the gemarah in Talmud Bavli Sukkah 49b that the meaning of Torat Ḥesed (loving-kind torah) is a torah learned with the intention of being retransmitted. Via the MaHaRaL, Rabbi Hutner teaches that this effort in giving is an act of loving-kindness whereby a new work is made freely and shared completely without any diminution of the source, the giver, or the recipient. ]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="english" lang="eng-Latn" style="font-size: 1.2em;">
In our continuing effort to expose the foundations of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Source_Judaism">Open-source Judaism</a> in Jewish source texts, we have made a transcription of <a href="http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/737202/Rabbi_Ally_Ehrman/Pachad_Yitzchak_Rosh_Hashana_Ma'amar_2:_Toras_Chessed_Al_Lishonah">Rabbi Ally Ehrman&#8217;s 2009 <em>shiur</em></a> (lesson) explaining Rabbi Yitsḥoq Hutner&#8217;s ראש השנה מאמר ב׳ &#8220;Rosh Hashana Ma&#8217;amar 2&#8221; (circa 1950s) published in <strong>Paḥad Yitsḥoq</strong>, (a compendium of Rabbi Hutner&#8217;s teachings from the 1950s until his death in 1983). The ma&#8217;amar is an explication of the verse in Proverbs and familiar to anyone that sings Eyshet Ḥayil before the Sabbath evening meal, &#8220;She opens her mouth with wisdom, and a loving-kind Torah is on her tongue,&#8221; <span class="citation">(Proverbs 31:26)</span>. The ma&#8217;amar weaves ideas by the Maharal from Gevurot Hashem (6:4) commenting on the gemarah in Talmud Bavli Sukkah 49b that the meaning of Torat Ḥesed (loving-kind torah) is a torah learned with the intention of being retransmitted. Via the MaHaRaL, Rabbi Hutner teaches that this effort in giving is an act of loving-kindness whereby a new work is made freely and shared completely without any diminution of the source, the giver, or the recipient. Parallel teachings can be found in Rabbi Yisroel Meir Kagan&#8217;s Ahavat Ḥesed (1888, chapter 22) wherein he argues for creating community lending institutions for sharing property on the basis of gmilut ḥasadim, acts of lovingkindness a/k/a G&#8217;MaḤ. See also Rabbi Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter&#8217;s d&#8217;var torah on Parshat Terumah wherein sharing Torah learning is described as a transaction whereby both parties are enhanced and none are diminished. This post should be seen as complementary to our sourcesheet: <a href="/?p=8397">‘Make yourself into a maqom hefker’: Primary sources on open-source in Judaism</a>.</p>
<p>Rabbi Ehrman&#8217;s shiur is more of an exposition rather than a word-for-word translation. If you would like to help us create a more exact translation please add your translation or correction in the comments. Please correct any mistakes in our transcription. I want to recognize <a href="/profile/miri.landau">Miri Landau</a> for her contributions to this transcription. Thank you. &#8211;Aharon Varady
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
פחד יצחק ראש השנה מאמר ב׳
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Transcription of <a href="http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/737202/Rabbi_Ally_Ehrman/Pachad_Yitzchak_Rosh_Hashana_Ma'amar_2:_Toras_Chessed_Al_Lishonah">Rabbi Ally Ehrman&#8217;s exposition</a> of the Paḥad Yitsḥoq, Rosh Hashana Ma&#8217;amar Bet<br />
<audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-12113-1" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://download.yutorah.org/2009/1002/737202/Pachad%20Yitzchak%20Rosh%20Hashana%20Ma%27amar%202%3A%20Toras%20Chessed%20Al%20Lishonah.MP3?_=1" /><a href="https://download.yutorah.org/2009/1002/737202/Pachad%20Yitzchak%20Rosh%20Hashana%20Ma%27amar%202%3A%20Toras%20Chessed%20Al%20Lishonah.MP3">https://download.yutorah.org/2009/1002/737202/Pachad%20Yitzchak%20Rosh%20Hashana%20Ma%27amar%202%3A%20Toras%20Chessed%20Al%20Lishonah.MP3</a></audio>
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
א. <span class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">פִּיהָ פָּתְחָה בְחָכְמָה<br />
וְתוֹרַת חֶסֶד עַל לְשׁוֹנָהּ׃</span> <span class="citation">(משלי לא:כו)</span>.
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&#8220;Her mouth is open in wisdom<br />
and a torah of <em>ḥesed</em> is on her tongue” <span class="citation">(Proverbs 31:26)</span>.
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וכי יש תורה של חסד ותורה שאינה של חסד אלא תורה ללמדה זו היא תורה של חסד שלא ללמדה זו היא תורה שאינה של חסד (חז״ל).
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Says the gemara <span class="citation">(Sukkot 49b)</span>: Is there a Torah of <em>ḥesed</em> (lovingkindness) and a Torah that is not of <em>ḥesed</em>? Torah <em>l’lamdah</em> is a Torah of <em>ḥesed</em>. Torah that is not <em>l’lamdah</em> is a Torah <em>sheiyno shel ḥesed</em>. If the Torah is in order to teach it (<em>l&#8217;lamdah</em>) it’s a Torah that is <em>ḥesed.</em> If there is a Torah that&#8217;s not in order to teach it, then it&#8217;s not a Torah of <em>ḥesed</em>.<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_1');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_1');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_1" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[1]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_1" class="footnote_tooltip"> Talmud Bavli Sukkot 49b &#8212; <br />
<br />וא&#8221;ר אלעזר מאי דכתיב <span class="citation">(משלי לא:כו)</span> פיה פתחה בחכמה ותורת חסד על לשונה וכי יש תורה של חסד יש תורה שאינה של חסד אלא תורה לשמה זו היא תורה של חסד שלא לשמה זו היא תורה שאינה של חסד איכא דאמרי תורה ללמדה זו היא תורה של חסד שלא ללמדה זו היא תורה שאינה של חסד:<br />
<br /> Rebbi Elazar further stated: What is it that is written, “She opens her mouth with wisdom, and loving-kind Torah is on her tongue?” <span class="citation">(Proverbs 31:26)</span>: Is there then a Torah of loving kindness and a Torah which is not of loving kindness? Rather Torah [which is studied] for its own sake is a ‘Torah of loving kindness’, whereas Torah [which is studied] for an ulterior motive is a Torah which is not of loving kindness. There are those who say, Torah [which is studied] in order to teach it is a ‘Torah of loving kindness’, but Torah [which is] not [studied] in order to teach it is a Torah which is not of loving kindness.&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp;
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
חידוש גדול חננו מוצאים בכאן דהשפעת תורה לתלמידים אין ענינה פעולה הכוללת תורה וחסד כשהן מחוברין, אלא שעצם הדברי תורה המושפעים מקבלים את גוון החסד;
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So now we have to understand, says Rebbi Yitsḥoq Hutner, what’s this idea of Torah of <em>ḥesed</em>?
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שהרי מושג החסד ישמש בכאן בתור שם התואר לגוף החפצא דתורה.
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<div class="english" lang="eng-Latn">That is the noun of Torah. That’s the <em>shem toar</em> (adjective). Torah itself is called a <em>torat ḥesed</em>. It’s not just <em>Torah</em> and <em>ḥesed</em> at the same time&#8230;
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
ובודאי שרבותא גדולה היא, דהרי דבר פשוט הוא דאדם המשמיע ד״ת מתוך הספר לאדם סומא. אין כאן אלא פונדק אחד שנזדמנו לתוכו שתי מצוות של תורה וחסד בבת אחת, וברי שאין שום אחת מהן נעשית שם תואר לחבירתה;
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Like if someone reads a book to a blind person to be teaching him Torah, then it’s also <em>ḥesed</em> since he’s blind and can’t be reading it on his own? <em>Raḥmanah litslan</em> (Heaven forfend). Oh no. This is not just <em>Torah</em> and <em>ḥesed</em> that just happen to become Torah. No. It’s the Torah that is defined as <em>torat ḥesed</em>.
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ואילו תורה הנלמדת לתלמידים לא קרינן בה תורה וחסד אלא שתורה זו תכונתה משתנית ושם לוי יש לה ותורת־חסד היא קרויה.
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<p>What’s this <em>torat ḥesed</em>? If you’re doing it in order to teach, it has a new <em>shem l’vai</em><span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_2');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_2');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_2" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[2]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_2" class="footnote_tooltip"> a clarifying, qualifying, complementing name&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; and it’s called <em>torat ḥesed</em>. It’s not just <em>Torah</em> AND <em>ḥesed</em>, it’s <em>Torah</em> that is itself <em>ḥesed</em> if it’s <em>hanilmadat l’lamdah</em>. So we want to understand what’s unique about this <em>torat ḥesed</em> &#8212; why it’s not just <em>Torah</em> and <em>ḥesed</em> that is coming together. It’s not <em>torah</em> and <em>ḥesed</em>. It is <em>torah</em> that is <em>ḥesed</em>. Why is it teaching the <em>talmidim</em> Torah, that learning in order to teach, is a <em>Torah</em> that is <em>ḥesed</em>?
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ב. הבטחת ההגנה לאברהם אבינו שנאמרה לו במאמר <span class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">אָנֹכִי֙ מָגֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ</span> נתפרשה לנו מטעם המהר״ל דלשון מגן בכאן הוא לשון חנם דויצאה חנם מתרגמינן מגן.
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Avraham avinu was promised by <em>Haqadosh Barukh Hu</em> (HKB”H) that he was going to guard him, as it says <em>anokhi magen lakh</em> <span class="citation">(Genesis 15:1)</span> &#8212; I am going to guard you.<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_3');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_3');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_3" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[3]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_3" class="footnote_tooltip"> <br />
<br />אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה הָיָ֤ה דְבַר־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם בַּֽמַּחֲזֶ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר אַל־תִּירָ֣א אַבְרָ֗ם אָנֹכִי֙ מָגֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ שְׂכָרְךָ֖ הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃<br />
<br /> After these things the word of YHVH came unto Avram in a vision, saying: ‘Fear not, Avram, I am your <em>magen</em> (shield), your reward shall be exceeding great.’&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; And the MaHaRaL explains that <em>magen</em> [literally, &#8220;shield&#8221;] is <em>lashon ḥinam</em> (free), as it says <em>d’vyatsah ḥinam</em> <span class="citation">(Exodus 21:11)</span> &#8212; the targum [Onkelos translation of <em>ḥinam</em>, &#8220;free&#8221;] is <em>magen</em>.<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_4');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_4');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_4" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[4]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_4" class="footnote_tooltip"> Exodus 21:11 &#8212; <br />
<br />וְאִם־שְׁלָ֨שׁ־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לָ֑הּ וְיָצְאָ֥ה חִנָּ֖ם אֵ֥ין כָּֽסֶף׃<br />
<br /> &#8220;And if he does not these three unto her, then shall she go out for nothing, without money.&#8221; Targum Onkelos Exodus 21:11&#8211; <br />
<br />וְאִם תְּלָת אִלֵין לָא יַעְבֵּד לַהּ וְתִפּוֹק <strong>מַגָן</strong> בְּלָא כְסַף<br />
<br />&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; <em>Magen</em> means <b>free</b>. So that’s <em>magen</em>. <em>magen shavya</em>. <em>Magen</em> means &#8220;free.&#8221; So what does it mean <em>anokhi magen lakh</em>, <em>b’lashon</em> <strong>Free</strong>?
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
כי מכיון שמדתו של אברהם היא חסד ושכרם של גומלי חסדים הוא שאוכלים הפירות בעולם הזה והם בחנם כי הקרן קיימת לעולם הבא.
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Since the <em>midah</em> (attribute) of Avaraham Avinu is <em>ḥesed</em>, and the <em>skhar</em> (reward, payment) of the <em>gomlei ḥesed</em> (people who do acts of loving kindness) eat the fruits of their work in <em>olam hazeh</em> (this world), and they are <em>b’ḥinam</em>. In other words, you’re not losing out on anything. You’re not going to be lacking because <em>haqeren qayemet l’olam haba</em> &#8212; because the <em>qeren</em> which is the principle will remain <em>l’olam haba</em> (the coming world). So here you just get bonuses, but you don’t have to take away. The principle remains also in <em>olam haba</em>. And in this world you eat the fruits (<em>peiros</em>) for free. You don’t have to pay anything because the principle of your reward is waiting in <em>olam haba</em>. That’s the <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> and we know that that’s the <em>skhar</em> of <em>gomlei ḥasadim</em>. So <em>gmilut ḥasadim</em> is <em>skhar qeren qayemet</em> and we eat the fruit for free, and that’s the <em>middah</em> of Avraham Avinu. So therefore it says with respect to Avraham Avinu, <em>anokhi magen lakh</em>, I’m going to guard you <em>lashon ḥinam</em> because that’s his <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> that he gets <em>skhar ḥinam.</em>
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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">
ובא עוד על הפירוש הזה הוספת דברים ״ותבין עוד כי העולם הוא מחסדו של הקב״ה כדכתיב עולם חסד יבנה ועל ידי חסדו יוצאים לפועל התולדות בעולם ומזה תבין כי הדבק במדה הזאת יש לו קרן ויש לו פירות״.
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Adds the MaHaRaL (Gevurot Hashem 6:4): &#8220;and you will understand, that this world is a world of <em>ḥesed</em> of Hashem as it says <em>olam ḥesed yibaneh</em>,<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_5');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_5');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_5" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[5]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_5" class="footnote_tooltip"> Psalms 88:3 &#8212; <br />
<br />כִּֽי־אָמַ֗רְתִּי ע֭וֹלָם חֶ֣סֶד יִבָּנֶ֑ה שָׁמַ֓יִם ׀ תָּכִ֖ן אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣ בָהֶֽם׃<br />
<br /> &#8220;For I have said: &#8216;the cosmos is built [with] lovingkindness; In the very heavens you have established your faithfulness.&#8221;&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; we have this world because Hashem did <em>ḥesed</em> in creating the world, and through the <em>ḥesed</em> of hashem, <em>yotsi&#8217;im la-poal ha-toladot ba-olam</em>, through the <em>ḥesed</em> of Hashem we have <em>toladot</em> (generations) in the world. And from this you can understand, that if you’re <em>daveq</em><span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_6');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_6');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_6" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[6]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_6" class="footnote_tooltip"> <em>diligent</em>, lit. &#8220;sticky&#8221;&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; in this <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> you have <em>qeren</em> (principle) and you have <em>peiros</em> (fruit).&#8221;<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_7');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_7');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_7" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[7]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_7" class="footnote_tooltip"> Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel (1520-1609), <a href="http://www.sefaria.org/Gevurot_Hashem.6.4"><em>Gevurot Hashem</em> 6:4</a><br />
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<br />כלל הדבר כי העושה הטוב לנמצאים והוא טוב להם אוכל פירות בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא, וזה כי דבר אשר הוא טוב לעולם הזה, הנה טובתו כפולה טוב לשמים וטוב לבריות כמו כל אלו שזכרנו אשר הם טובים ויש בהן מן הטוב והחסד בעולם הזה, לא כמו מצות ציצית וסוכה ולולב שאין נראה בהם הטוב בעולם הזה, ומפני שלא נראה בהם הטוב בעולם הזה, אין לומר עליהם אוכל פירותיהם בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא. אבל כיבוד אב ואם וגמילות חסדים והבאת שלום ותלמוד תורה דבק בהם הטוב בענין העולם הזה, ומפני הטוב הזה אשר נראה בהם, שייך בהם אוכל פירותיהם בעולם הזה, דוגמא למצוה עצמה שהיא רצון בוראו וזה עיקר המצוה לעשות רצון הבורא, וגם מן המצוה הזאת נמשך הטוב לבריות וזהו כמו פירות שעושה המצוה פירות, וכך איתא בהדיא בסוף פרק קמא דקדושין (דף מ׳ ע״ב׳). ולפיכך אמר לאברהם שהוא היה בלבד יורש המדה הזאת שהוא גמילות חסדים וכל חלקיה והיה ירא שקיבל שכרו, אמר לו אל תירא אנכי מגן לך, ולשון מגן הוא לשון חנם ויצאה חנם (שמות כא) תרגומו מגן. כי זהו שכר גומלי חסדים שאוכלים הפירות בעולם הזה והם בחנם, כיון שהקרן קיים לעולם הבא, ולכך שכרו הרבה מאוד לעולם הבא, ופירוש הזה נכבד מאד. ותבין עוד כי העולם הוא מחסדו של הקדוש ברוך הוא כדכתיב (תהלים פט) אמרתי עולם חסד יבנה, ועל ידי חסדו יוצאים לפעל התולדות בעולם, ומזה תבין כי הדבק במדה הזאת יש לו קרן ויש לו פירות, כי מאחר שהוא גומל חסד, והוא דבק במדת טובו יתברך אשר מדת טובו משפיע לעולם והשפעתו יתברך עושה פירות בודאי, ולפיכך מי שגומל חסד אוכל פירות בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא, ולכך אמר לאברהם אנכי מגן לך שכרך הרבה מאוד:<br />
<br /> c.f. Netivot Olam (Netiv Hatorah 7:3)&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; This is the word of the MaHaRaL, just translating. This world is of the <em>ḥesed</em> of Hashem, <em>olam ḥesed yibaneh</em>, and through the <em>ḥesed</em> of Hashem we have <em>toladot</em>&#8212; the outgrowth that is in this world, and therefore if you’re <em>davek</em> in this <em>middah</em> of Hashem of <em>ḥesed</em> you will have <em>qeren &#8212;</em> you will have the principle &#8212; and then you will also have the <em>peiros</em>, the <em>toladot</em>. What did he (the MaHaRaL) mean? <em>vav tatstumim.</em> It’s very hard to understand.
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וביאור דבריו, הרי רואים אנו כי בענין הצמיחה וההולדה שולט הכלל של ”מכליא קרנא“ הרבה יותר פחות מאשר בשטחים אחרים.
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Explains the Paḥad Yitschok: we see that in this matter of <em>tsmiḥah</em> and <em>holadah</em>&#8212; of sprouting fruits and giving birth and generating <em>peiros</em>, fruits &#8212; the rule of <em>mekhalye qarna</em>, that the principle is destroyed, is much less at work than in other areas. (We’ll explain, <em>b’ezrat hashem</em>.)
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כל הפקת תועלת גורמת כליון כחותיו של העצם המועיל במדה גדולה לאין־ערוך יותר מאשר הפקת תועלת הצמיחה גורמת לקרקע עולם.
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Whenever you’re <em>mefid toelet</em>, when you get some benefit, that weakens the <em>etsem</em>, the source of this benefit, much more than when the ground produces fruit. <em>Mashal le-mah ha-davar domeh.</em> (To what may the thing be likened?) A person has an animal and a person wants to eat this animal, so what does this person do? He <em>shechts</em> the animal. Therefore he has some benefit. However there’s <em>mekhalye qarna</em>, now he doesn’t have a living animal anymore. This cow is no longer going to give milk anymore. The cow is now meat. That’s <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. However what’s this talk about producing fruit? You have a ground and the ground gives fruit but there’s no real <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. The ground is still a good strong solid ground. Like we see in the gemara, maybe it weakens the ground a little bit. But all in all at the end of the day we still have a good strong ground. And even there are <em>peiros</em> there’s not very much <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. Why is that? Why when you talk about <em>tsmiḥat hapeiros</em>, is there less <em>mekhalye qarna</em>, the ruining of the principle, then there is in other areas of life? Why is that? Another example. Say you have a tree and you want wood. Do you want to make a table? So this table, you’re right it’s gevaldik, it is going to produce a nice table. However, it’s <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. Now you no longer have trees that are producing fruits. So again only with respect to the actual production of fruits, i.e., the ground produces fruits and then you take the fruits, there’s very little <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. Whereas in other areas, like the two examples we gave, there’s a lot more <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. Why is that?
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והיינו משום שבעולמנו אנו, פעולת הצמיחה וההולדה היא הקרובה ביותר אל יצירת בראשית של יש מאין.
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Explains the Paḥad Yitschok: because in our world the <em>peulah</em> of <em>tsmiḥah</em> and <em>holadah</em>, the <em>peulah</em> of sprouting and producing, is very close to <em>yetsirat breishis</em> of <em>yesh me’ayin</em> &#8212; of something coming from nothing as Hashem created the world.
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לאחר שנתחדש העולם ההתחדשות היותר גדולה היא צמח חדש או ולד חדש.
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After the <em>ḥiddush</em> (innovation) of the World, the greatest <em>ḥadshis</em> is a new plan, a new growth, a flower, tree, <em>vlad ḥadash</em> &#8212; or a child.
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ובה במדה שאנו מתקרבים לתחום היצירה של יש מאין, בה במדה הולך ופוחת הכלל של ״מכליא קרנא״.
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Since having a new child or producing a tree is closest to the realm of <em>Yesh Me’ayin</em> (something from nothing) therefore there’s going to be the least <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. So too when a person has a baby, when a man and a woman produce a baby, there’s no <em>mekhalye qarna</em>.The same strong guy and now from him is produced a baby and from his wife is produced a baby but there’s no <em>mekhalye qarna</em>.
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והוא הדין והיא חמדה בעולם הרוחני של עבודת השם.
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Because we’re in the realm of <em>Yesh Me’ayin</em> or as close as possible as we can get to it in this world, and therefore just like when Hashem created the world there was no <em>mekhalye qarna</em> the principle, the Creator, of course, was in no way mitigated, diminished, made smaller, made weaker, so too when we come close to the realm of <em>Yesh Me’ayin,</em> i.e., with a new fruit or a new child there’s going to be very little <em>mekhalye qarna</em>, and the same applies in the spiritual world of <em>aveidas hashem</em> (sacred work/divine service).
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מכיון שעולם חסד יבנה, ועל ידה של מדת החסד יצאה כל הבריאה מן האין אל היש הרי שמדה זו מופקעת היא לגמרי מענין ה״מכליא קרנא״,
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This <em>olam ḥesed yibaneh</em>. And through the <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em>, the whole <em>briah</em> (creation) comes <em>min hayin elam yesh</em> (something out of nothing). So this <em>middah</em> [of <em>ḥesed</em>] is <em>mufqaat l’gamrei</em> (completely severed) from the <em>inyan</em> (matter) of <em>mekhalye qarna</em>.
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והאדם המתנשא למדרגת צלם אלקים ונעשה ליוצר־פועל של. מדת החסד בעולם, מתן שכרו הוא בתכונת יש מאין, דהיינו שאין הפירות מפחיתין את גוף הקרן ולא כלום. והאדם אוכל פירות בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לו לעולם הבא.
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In the world of <em>ḥesed</em> there is no <em>mekhalye qarna</em> and the person who elevates himself to the <em>madregah</em> of <em>tselem elohim</em> (Divine Likeness) and becomes a creator of <em>middat haḥesed</em> in the world, his <em>matan skhar</em> is going to be like <em>Yesh Me’ayin</em>, that the <em>peiros</em> are not in any way going to diminish the principle. A person with the world was created with <em>ḥesed</em>. There was no <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. So too when a person does an act of <em>ḥesed</em> his reward is also going to be <em>lo mekhalye qarna</em>, i.e., even though there’s going to be fruits, it’s in now way going to lessen the principle. He’s going to eat the fruits in this world and the principle in <em>olam haba</em>.
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ואברהם אבינו שהיה מרכבה למדת החסד דלעילא, לו נאמרה ביחוד ההבטחה כי שכרו הרבה מאד,
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And Avraham avinu was a <em>merkava</em> (divine chariot) of the <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> of above. To him specifically the promise was stated that his <em>skhar</em> is going to be very great.
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דהיינו שלא יצויר ששכרו יתמעט, משום שאנכי מגן לך, אני נמצא לך בחנם, ורבוי הפירות אינו במחיר הפסד הקרן כי קרנך קרן קיימת היא.
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It’s not possible that his <em>skhar</em> would be any less <em>anokhi magen lakh</em> &#8212; &#8220;I am found for you <em>b’ḥinam</em>.&#8221; The <em>ribui ḥesed</em> that I am going to give you, when I give you <em>ribui peiros</em>, that is in no way going to lessen the <em>skhar</em>. Because that’s your <em>middah</em>. You’re the man of <em>ḥesed</em>, Avraham Avinu and therefore when I give a reward, that reward is going to be <em>b’ḥinas okhel perioseihim b’olam hazeh b&#8217;qeren qayemet l’olam haba</em>… in this world and the next. (So my friends have we gone deep already?) [Rav Ehrman reviews: <em>ḥesed</em> in creation, <em>mekhalye qarna</em>, <em>yesh me’ayin, etc.</em>]
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ג. ולא עוד אלא שנראה כי עצם תואר האבהות אשר השם אברהם מורה עליו, ואשר מתוכו אנו למדים כי עיקר מהותו של אברהם הוא בזה שהיה אבי האומה &#8212;
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Avraham Avinu is our father. That’s Avraham. You’re going to be <em>Av</em> (father) among <em>goyim</em> (nations). The essence of Avraham Avinu is Father.
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נובע הוא מתוך דרגא זו של אנכי מגן לך.
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This flows from the <em>madrega</em> (spiritual attainment) of <em>anokhi magen lakh</em>, that I am guarding you, that I am going to give you reward, <em>b’ḥinam</em>, that you’re going to get the reward and you’re not going to lose out by getting the reward.
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ולמדים אנו דבר זה ממטבע שטבעו חכמים בתפלה וקראו את הברכה הראשונה ברכת אבות,
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That is from this flows, in other words Avraham Avinu flows from the <em>madrega</em> of <em>anokhi magen</em> and we learn this from what the rabbis call the first <em>brakhah</em>: <em>birkhot avos</em>.
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וקבעו בה את החתימה מגן אברהם, ומפורש כנ״ל דדרגא זו דמגן אברהם מהווה את התוכן הפנימי של אבהות האומה. והסברת הדברים צריכה להיות ע״פ המהלך הנ״ל.
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We see from this, this <em>madrega</em>, <em>magen avraham</em>, is the <em>tokhen hapnimi</em>, is the deeper meaning of being the father of the nation. <em>Magen Avraham</em> &#8212; we always translated it as Shield of Abraham. No. It is also <b>free</b>. <em>Magen</em> means <b>free</b>. We see <em>magen</em> that’s what the word’s based on. It’s based on the pasuk <em>anokhi magen lakh</em>. <em>Magen Avraham</em>. So the <em>brakha</em> is called the <em>brakha ha-avot</em>. And you know what does it mean to be <em>Av</em>? To be an <em>av</em> means <em>ḥinam</em>. You’re going to get a reward in this world, and it’s not going to subtract from your reward in the next world. That’s what your fatherhood means.
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משום דאבות מכלל דאיכא תולדות, ואבותיה של כנסת ישראל היינו שרשים של קדושת ישראל אשר לעולם לא יחדלו לעשות פירות (ברית אבות לא תמה);
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What is the <em>p’shat</em>? So we have to explain what we said earlier. Because whenever you talk about <em>Avot</em>, like it says in the beginning of Bava Kama (2a, 5a), <em>avot mekhlal d’ika toldos</em>, if there are <em>Avot</em> then there are also children.<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_8');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_8');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_8" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[8]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_8" class="footnote_tooltip"> Talmud Bavli Bava Kamma 2a &#8212; <br />
<br /> גמ׳ מדקתני אבות מכלל דאיכא תולדות<br />
<br /> GEMARA: Seeing that principal categories (<em>avot</em>) are specified, it must be assumed that there are derivatives (<em>toldot</em>).&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; And the <em>avot</em> of the Jewish people, in other words, the root of <em>qedushas Yisroel</em>, these <em>avos</em> are the root of <em>qedushas Yisroel</em> that will never stop creating <em>peiros</em>. Like it says in the gemara in Shabbos: <em>bris avot lo tama.</em><span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_9');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_12113_1('footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_9');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_9" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[9]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_9" class="footnote_tooltip"> Talmud Bavli Shabbat 55a &#8212; <br />
<br />מאימתי תמה זכות אבות<br />
<br /> &#8220;And since when has the merit of the Patriarchs been exhausted?&#8221; Tosafos &#8212; <br />
<br />ושמואל אמר תמה זכות אבות ורבי יוחנן אמר תחון זכות אבות. אומר רבינו תם דזכות אבות תמה אבל <strong>ברית אבות לא תמה</strong> דהא כתיב (יקרא כו) וזכרתי את בריתי יעקוב אף לאחר גלות ואנן אין אנו מזכירין זכות אבות אלא הברית ומפרש דשמואל דאמר מימי חזאל דייק מדכתיב למען בריתו ולא למען זכותו ואומר ר״י דבויקרא רבה (פ׳ לו) דייק מעד עתה כדפי׳ בקונטרס ולר״י נראה דלא פליגי שמואל ור״י אלא שמואל קאמר דלרשעים תמה אבל לצדיקים לא תמה ובצדיקים איירי ר״י תדע דהא ר״י אמר בסמוך דמימי חזקי׳ תמה זכות אבות והכא קאמר דאף בשעת חורבן דבתר הכי תחון זכות אבות ועל זה אנו סומכין להזכיר זכות אבות ובשלהי ויקרא רבה רבי אחא אומר לעולם זכות אבות קיימת ולעולם אנו מזכירים אותם וכן הוא אומר כי אל רחום וגו׳ ולא ישכח את ברית אבותיך וגו׳׃ <br />
<br />&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12113_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp; So when you talk about <em>avos ha-uman</em>, when you talk about forefathers, you talk about people making more and more and more <em>peiros</em>. They are never going to stop because <em>qedushas Yisroel</em> is eternal.
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ודבר זה הוא בלתי אפשרי אם לא על ידי יצירת קרן קיימת אשר שום רבוי פירות שבעולם לא יפחית ולא ימעיט את חיותו של השרש. והיא היא הדרגא של ״אנכי מגן לך״,
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And this is impossible unless you say that <em>qeren</em> is <em>qayemet</em>, that the principle will remain. The <em>avot</em> aren’t getting any weaker. The spring will continue to flow. The only way you can talk about a <em>ribui peiros</em>, that there’s constant fruit that never ends, is if the <em>shoresh</em>, if the root, doesn’t get weaker and therefore can give constantly new fruits, and that, sweetest friends, is Avraham Avinu. Since Avraham is going to be constantly in the <em>avot</em>, or constantly giving new fruits, he’s not getting weaker. That’s <em>magen</em>. That’s for free. They’re going to get lots and lots of <em>peiros</em> but the <em>qeren</em> but the principle of Avraham Avinu himself is <em>qayemet</em>. He’s not going to get any weaker. He’s going to get all of these <em>tolados</em> and he’s going to remain just as strong. Brilliant. Brilliant. And that’s the <em>darga</em> (spiritual level) of <em>anokhi magen lakh</em>.
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דהיינו שגידול הפירות הוא בחנם ואינו עולה במחיר חיותו של השרש,
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The growth of the <em>peiros</em> is free and it doesn’t cost anything and subtract from the <em>ḥiyut</em> (vitality) of the root.
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ועל כן דרגא זו היא החותמת את ברכת האבות.
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This level is what seals the <em>brakhah</em> of <em>avot</em>. Because that’s what <em>avos</em> is. <em>Avos</em> is constant <em>peiros</em> without any subtraction of <em>ḥiyus</em>, of their own personal <em>ḥiyus</em>. More and more and more <em>peiros</em>. That’s <em>magen avraham</em>. That’s the definition of the <em>avos</em>.
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ורק מתוך כך מתבהרים הדברים שבברכת אבות בכלל לא הוזכר במפורש ובהדיא שום מקצוע בעבודתם של האבות מלבד מקצוע החסד (זוכר חסדי אבות), והיינו משום שהתוכן הפנימי של מהות האבהות בכנסת ישראל הוא הסוד של קרן קיימת,
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And that’s why we don’t mention any other <em>midos</em> of the <em>avos</em> explicitly in the first <em>brakhah</em> besides <em>ḥesed</em>. We say <em>bzokher ḥasdo b’avot halo dabru</em>. We don’t mention <em>gevurah</em> (power), <em>tiferet</em> (beauty), any of the other <em>midos</em>. All we talk about is <em>ḥesed</em>. Why? Because the deeper meaning of the essence of father of the Jewish people is the secret of <em>haqeren qayemes</em>, this notion that the principle will remain:
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<strong>גידול וצמיחה דלא מכליא קרנא;</strong>
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<strong>constant growth without any <em>mekhalye qarna</em> &#8212; diminishing of the fruit.</strong>
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ושרשיה של צמיחה כזו נעוצים הם במדת החסד בעולם ובאדם.
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And the roots of this <em>tsmiḥah</em> (growth) are found in the middah of <em>ḥesed</em>, of the world and of man. Just like when the <em>avos</em> have <em>tolados</em>, they’re not weakened. More and more and more <em>peiros</em> without any <em>mekhalye qarna</em>. The principle remains intact. So too, in <em>klal yisroel</em>, the principle remains intact, and when HKB”H created the world, he created the world with <em>ḥesed</em> and we know the source of this <em>ḥesed</em> the principle <em>ki byakhal HKB”H</em> remains just as strong as he was previously.
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ד. התבוננות עמוקה בדרכו של המהר״ל תעמיד אותנו בקרן אורה
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If we look deeper into the path of the MaHaRaL we will stand in a <em>qeren orah</em>. We will have light and a ray of light.
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כי התכונה הפנימית של מדת החסד בטהרתה העצמית, היא השפעת טובה ותוספת מציאות מבלי חסרון במעין המשפיע.
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The deeper characteristic of the <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> in its pristine purity is being <em>mashpiah tova</em> (a good influence) and adding to the <em>metsiut</em> (reality) without any lacking in the spring that flows. In other words, <em>ḥesed</em> means giving and giving and giving, <em>anokhi sarad</em> in the giver. That’s the <em>tnumat pnimit</em> of <em>ḥesed</em>. <em>ḥesed</em> in the purer sense is giving giving giving <em>qeren kayemes</em>. The giver lacks for nothing. And that’s what we said is HKB”H and that’s Avrahom Avinu and that’s having children. And that’s producing a child, I mean, and that is a &#8212; the ground lacks nothing. That’s what <em>ḥesed</em> is.
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ומה שאנו רואים בכל עניני העולם כי המעניק לאחרים משלו הרי הענקה זו מחסרת את המשפיע היינו משום שכאן באה מדת החסד בהרכבה עם ענין שבחוש ושבגשם, והרכבה זו היא המעכבת לבל תראה פעולת החסד בטהרתה בתור יצירה של תוספת מבלי גרעון.
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I already hear you saying to me. But how can you say that? A person does <em>ḥesed</em>: you bring an <em>oleh</em> into your house you give him breakfast now you have less food in your fridge. So it is a <em>ḥisar</em> (absence) and a <em>maaniq</em> (offer) and a <em>mashpiah</em> (influence) in the giver. The answer is that when we do <em>ḥesed</em> in this world. It’s really a combination of two things. <em>ruḥniyut</em> (spirituality), it’s a mitsvah. But it’s also <em>gashmiyut</em> (materiality) and since there is <em>gashmiyut</em>, we don’t see the <em>qeren qayemet</em>. We see that we’re losing out on the <em>qeren</em>.
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ואשר על כן בהצטרף מדת החסד עם ענין החכמה מתגלה בזה התכונה העיקרית של כח החסד, שלא די שאין הענקת והשפעת חכמה לאחרים גורמת חסרון במשפיע אלא אדרבה השפעה זו מביאה ברכה ותוספת בחכמה שלו. מתלמידי יותר מכולם.
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However, let’s say you talk about <em>ḥesed</em> in the realm of <em>ḥokhmah</em>. So not only when in you’re in the realm of <em>ḥokhmah</em> (wisdom) does one give over who gives over <em>ḥokhmah</em> not lack for his own <em>ḥokhmah</em>, but on the contrary he has <em>tosefet ḥokhmah</em> (supplementary wisdom). He has additional measure of wisdom after he has shared his torah. As the rabbis say so beautifully, <em>mi talmidah yotser mikulam</em>. You learn much from his rabbeim, more from his friends, and most from his <em>talmidim</em>. When a person teaches <em>middot ḥesed</em> with his torah, he becomes greater.
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ונמצא דאף על פי שיש בידה של מדת החסד להצטרף עם כל ענין שבעולם, דבכל דבר ודבר אפשר להשפיע טובה על הזולת;
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Even though there is the <em>middah</em> of <em>ḥesed</em> as the <em>koaḥ</em> (inner strength), to be <em>nistar</em> (hidden) for every other <em>inyan</em> in the world, for every other matter in the world you can be a <em>mashpiah</em> good on someone everything else. You can always give. You can give anything. You can give them lunch, money, a pen. You can give somebody your car, so many things.
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מ״מ כח היצירה אשר במדת החסד ששרשו הוא כח החסד ביצירת בראשית, ״עולם חסד יבנה״
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The power of creation that the <em>middah</em> of creation has is rooted in the power of the creation of the world. <em>olam ḥesed yibaneh.</em>
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אינו מתגלה אלא בשעה שהחסד מזדווג אל החכמה.
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When do we see the root of <em>ḥesed</em> in the world? <em>ḥesed</em> in the purest sense? <em>ḥesed</em> without <em>gashmiyut</em>? That’s when the <em>ḥesed</em> comes along with <em>ḥokhmah</em>. And when it’s <em>ḥesed</em> without <em>gashmiyut</em>, <em>rabbotai</em>, then it’s a <em>ḥesed qeren qayemet</em>, the giver doesn’t lose, <em>adarabbah</em>, he’s enhanced. When a person has a baby <em>yesh me’ayin</em>, he’s enhanced, makes him greater <em>ki biyakhol</em>, <em>ki biyakhol</em>, <em>ki biyakhol</em>. <em>adon olam asher malakh</em>… but now he’s going to be called king.
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מפני כך תורה ע״מ ללמד הרי זו תורת חסד, וכמבואר לעיל דאין אנו קוראין בה תורה וחסד אלא שתכונתה של תורה זו משתנית ושם לוי יש לה ותורת חסד היא קרויה, והיינו משום דבתורה כזו מתגלה כח היצירה אשר במדת החסד,
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Because of this, torah that you’re learning in order to teach is <em>torat ḥesed</em>. It’s not <em>torat mi-ḥesed</em> that just comes together by chance. It just happens to be that this torah comes with <em>ḥesed</em>. <strong>No</strong>. This torah becomes a <em>hefsa torat ḥesed</em>. That’s the definition of this torah. It’s a torah of <em>ḥesed</em> because in this <em>ḥesed</em>, in this torah, we see true <em>ḥesed</em>. Because when we learn in order to teach, in preparing the shiur and giving the shiur, we become greater. We understand more, the [teachers] preparing the people learning the Torah, not only the <em>talmidim</em>.
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וערכי תורה חדשים הולכים ונוצרים במעין המשפיע דוקא ע״י זה שהוא מעניק ומשפיע, מטיב ומתחסד עם הזולת. <span class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">פִּיהָ פָּתְחָה בְחָכְמָה וְתוֹרַת חֶסֶד עַל לְשׁוֹנָהּ׃</span> <span class="citation">(משלי לא:כו)</span>.
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And new torah values are created and the spring of the <em>mashpiah</em>, <em>davka</em> through the fact that he gives and gives and gives, that he does good and <em>ḥesed</em> with his friend. In other words, now we understand why it’s called <em>torat ḥesed</em>, <em>torat ḥesed</em> because normally when you do <em>ḥesed</em> you lose out. You give the guy a loan you have fifty less dollars in your pocket. When it’s Torah, not only don’t you lose but you gain. Even though it’s a <em>ḥesed</em> and you’re giving to somebody, you’re giving to someone torah, <em>torah umas l’lamdah</em>, that you become greater. <em>haqeren qayemet</em> &#8212; the principle remains intact. and the principle gets even stronger. And that’s <em>ḥesed</em> in the purest sense as it was when Hashem created the world with <em>ḥesed</em>. And as we see in the <em>avos</em>, the <em>avos</em> are <em>ḥesed</em> that they keep producing more and more fruit, <em>bris avos lo tama</em> and yet they lack for nothing, <em>adaraba</em> they become enhanced, and that, sweetest friends is <em>torat ḥesed</em>, to be <em>zokheh</em>, <em>im yirtsat hashem,</em> not just to learn torah, but <em>lilmod olam l’lamed torat ḥesed</em>. We will see not only that we don’t lack but that we will gain.
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And that sweetest friends is something to think about Rosh haShanah, and it says in the Paḥad Yitshchak on Rosh haShanah that Rosh Hashana is as we learned in a previous shiur is a day of <em>ḥesed</em> and as we explained there a different <em>mihalekh</em> on why Rosh Hashana is <em>davka ḥesed</em>. And now we’re expanding and we’re saying that that’s <em>briyat ha’olam</em>. <em>briyat ha olam</em> is <em>yibanet ḥesed yibaneh</em>. <em>torat l&#8217;lamed</em>. and there’s should be a special <em>inyan</em> on Rosh Hashana not only to learn torah during Rosh Hashana but to learn <em>al menas l&#8217;lamed dimyon tsura l’yotsrah</em> to do this <em>ḥesed</em> and lack nothing for yourself, as HKB”H did when he created the world. We should all be <em>zokheh im yitsat hashem akh tov vaḥesed al yimei ḥayeinu</em> that HKB”H should just keep being <em>mashpiah</em>, more and more <em>ḥesed</em>. <em>zḥut zeh, zokheh l&#8217;qarov mamash</em> to the greatest <em>ḥesed</em> of all, <em>ḥesed al rosheinu gviyat moshiaḥ tsidqeinu bimhera byameinu amen amen</em>, sweetest and most beloved friends.
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<div class="speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container"> <div class="footnote_container_prepare"><p><span role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_reference_container_label pointer" onclick="footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12113_1();">Notes</span><span role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_reference_container_collapse_button" style="display: none;; display: none;" onclick="footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_12113_1();"></span></p></div> <div id="footnote_references_container_12113_1" style=""><table class="footnotes_table footnote-reference-container"><caption class="accessibility">Notes</caption> <tbody> 

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_1" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_12113_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_1');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >1</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text">Talmud Bavli Sukkot 49b &#8212; </p>
<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">וא&#8221;ר אלעזר מאי דכתיב <span class="citation">(משלי לא:כו)</span> פיה פתחה בחכמה ותורת חסד על לשונה וכי יש תורה של חסד יש תורה שאינה של חסד אלא תורה לשמה זו היא תורה של חסד שלא לשמה זו היא תורה שאינה של חסד איכא דאמרי תורה ללמדה זו היא תורה של חסד שלא ללמדה זו היא תורה שאינה של חסד:</div>
<p> Rebbi Elazar further stated: What is it that is written, “She opens her mouth with wisdom, and loving-kind Torah is on her tongue?” <span class="citation">(Proverbs 31:26)</span>: Is there then a Torah of loving kindness and a Torah which is not of loving kindness? Rather Torah [which is studied] for its own sake is a ‘Torah of loving kindness’, whereas Torah [which is studied] for an ulterior motive is a Torah which is not of loving kindness. There are those who say, Torah [which is studied] in order to teach it is a ‘Torah of loving kindness’, but Torah [which is] not [studied] in order to teach it is a Torah which is not of loving kindness.</td></tr>

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_2" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_12113_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_2');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >2</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text">a clarifying, qualifying, complementing name</td></tr>

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<div class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה הָיָ֤ה דְבַר־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם בַּֽמַּחֲזֶ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר אַל־תִּירָ֣א אַבְרָ֗ם אָנֹכִי֙ מָגֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ שְׂכָרְךָ֖ הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃</div>
<p> After these things the word of YHVH came unto Avram in a vision, saying: ‘Fear not, Avram, I am your <em>magen</em> (shield), your reward shall be exceeding great.’</td></tr>

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_4" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_12113_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_4');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >4</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text">Exodus 21:11 &#8212; </p>
<div class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">וְאִם־שְׁלָ֨שׁ־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לָ֑הּ וְיָצְאָ֥ה חִנָּ֖ם אֵ֥ין כָּֽסֶף׃</div>
<p> &#8220;And if he does not these three unto her, then shall she go out for nothing, without money.&#8221; Targum Onkelos Exodus 21:11&#8211; </p>
<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">וְאִם תְּלָת אִלֵין לָא יַעְבֵּד לַהּ וְתִפּוֹק <strong>מַגָן</strong> בְּלָא כְסַף</div>
<p></td></tr>

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<div class="scribe" lang="heb-Hebr">כִּֽי־אָמַ֗רְתִּי ע֭וֹלָם חֶ֣סֶד יִבָּנֶ֑ה שָׁמַ֓יִם ׀ תָּכִ֖ן אֱמוּנָתְךָ֣ בָהֶֽם׃</div>
<p> &#8220;For I have said: &#8216;the cosmos is built [with] lovingkindness; In the very heavens you have established your faithfulness.&#8221;</td></tr>

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_6" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_12113_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_6');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >6</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text"><em>diligent</em>, lit. &#8220;sticky&#8221;</td></tr>

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_12113_1_7" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_12113_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_12113_1_7');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >7</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text">Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel (1520-1609), <a href="http://www.sefaria.org/Gevurot_Hashem.6.4"><em>Gevurot Hashem</em> 6:4</a></p>
<p />
<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr" style="font-size: medium;">כלל הדבר כי העושה הטוב לנמצאים והוא טוב להם אוכל פירות בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא, וזה כי דבר אשר הוא טוב לעולם הזה, הנה טובתו כפולה טוב לשמים וטוב לבריות כמו כל אלו שזכרנו אשר הם טובים ויש בהן מן הטוב והחסד בעולם הזה, לא כמו מצות ציצית וסוכה ולולב שאין נראה בהם הטוב בעולם הזה, ומפני שלא נראה בהם הטוב בעולם הזה, אין לומר עליהם אוכל פירותיהם בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא. אבל כיבוד אב ואם וגמילות חסדים והבאת שלום ותלמוד תורה דבק בהם הטוב בענין העולם הזה, ומפני הטוב הזה אשר נראה בהם, שייך בהם אוכל פירותיהם בעולם הזה, דוגמא למצוה עצמה שהיא רצון בוראו וזה עיקר המצוה לעשות רצון הבורא, וגם מן המצוה הזאת נמשך הטוב לבריות וזהו כמו פירות שעושה המצוה פירות, וכך איתא בהדיא בסוף פרק קמא דקדושין (דף מ׳ ע״ב׳). ולפיכך אמר לאברהם שהוא היה בלבד יורש המדה הזאת שהוא גמילות חסדים וכל חלקיה והיה ירא שקיבל שכרו, אמר לו אל תירא אנכי מגן לך, ולשון מגן הוא לשון חנם ויצאה חנם (שמות כא) תרגומו מגן. כי זהו שכר גומלי חסדים שאוכלים הפירות בעולם הזה והם בחנם, כיון שהקרן קיים לעולם הבא, ולכך שכרו הרבה מאוד לעולם הבא, ופירוש הזה נכבד מאד. ותבין עוד כי העולם הוא מחסדו של הקדוש ברוך הוא כדכתיב (תהלים פט) אמרתי עולם חסד יבנה, ועל ידי חסדו יוצאים לפעל התולדות בעולם, ומזה תבין כי הדבק במדה הזאת יש לו קרן ויש לו פירות, כי מאחר שהוא גומל חסד, והוא דבק במדת טובו יתברך אשר מדת טובו משפיע לעולם והשפעתו יתברך עושה פירות בודאי, ולפיכך מי שגומל חסד אוכל פירות בעולם הזה והקרן קיימת לעולם הבא, ולכך אמר לאברהם אנכי מגן לך שכרך הרבה מאוד:</div>
<p> c.f. Netivot Olam (Netiv Hatorah 7:3)</td></tr>

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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr"> גמ׳ מדקתני אבות מכלל דאיכא תולדות</div>
<p> GEMARA: Seeing that principal categories (<em>avot</em>) are specified, it must be assumed that there are derivatives (<em>toldot</em>).</td></tr>

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<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">מאימתי תמה זכות אבות</div>
<p> &#8220;And since when has the merit of the Patriarchs been exhausted?&#8221; Tosafos &#8212; </p>
<div class="commentary" lang="heb-Hebr">ושמואל אמר תמה זכות אבות ורבי יוחנן אמר תחון זכות אבות. אומר רבינו תם דזכות אבות תמה אבל <strong>ברית אבות לא תמה</strong> דהא כתיב (יקרא כו) וזכרתי את בריתי יעקוב אף לאחר גלות ואנן אין אנו מזכירין זכות אבות אלא הברית ומפרש דשמואל דאמר מימי חזאל דייק מדכתיב למען בריתו ולא למען זכותו ואומר ר״י דבויקרא רבה (פ׳ לו) דייק מעד עתה כדפי׳ בקונטרס ולר״י נראה דלא פליגי שמואל ור״י אלא שמואל קאמר דלרשעים תמה אבל לצדיקים לא תמה ובצדיקים איירי ר״י תדע דהא ר״י אמר בסמוך דמימי חזקי׳ תמה זכות אבות והכא קאמר דאף בשעת חורבן דבתר הכי תחון זכות אבות ועל זה אנו סומכין להזכיר זכות אבות ובשלהי ויקרא רבה רבי אחא אומר לעולם זכות אבות קיימת ולעולם אנו מזכירים אותם וכן הוא אומר כי אל רחום וגו׳ ולא ישכח את ברית אבותיך וגו׳׃ </div>
<p></td></tr>

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		<title>&#x1F4F0; “Ten Commandments of Jewish Social Networking” (Jonah Lowenfeld, Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles 2010)</title>
		<link>https://opensiddur.org/miscellanea/meta-topics/the-open-siddur-project/press-and-research-articles/welcome-jewish-journal-of-greater-los-angeles-readers/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[the Hierophant]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Nov 2010 04:48:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Advocacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Press & Research Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[פרשת תרומה parashat Terumah]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sharing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://opensiddur.org/?p=1613</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[An interview with Jonah Lowenfeld of the Jewish Journal on the values of sharing Torah learning as practiced by the Open Siddur Project.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="english" lang="eng-Latn" style="font-size: 1.2em;">
A belated post that our humble project was mentioned in a cover story in the Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles on September 28th, 2010. Thanks to writer Jonah Lowenfeld, a very patient interviewer. In his article, &#8220;<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140106031708/http://www.jewishjournal.com/articles/print/the_ten_commandments_of_social_networking_20100928/">The Ten Commandments of social networking</a>&#8221; Jonah felt the Open Siddur Project exemplified the eighth commandment:</p>
<blockquote><p>[No.] 8. Don’t steal content; share.</p>
<p>For Jews living in accordance with halachah—and law-abiding Americans—there’s no ambiguity when it comes to illegally downloading music, movies, software, books or any other intellectual property.</p>
<p>“Because business ethics are among the most central legal obligations of Judaism in all the Torah,” said Rabbi Dov Fischer of Young Israel of Orange County, “there is just no way that a person can identify as a practicing religious Jew while actively or regularly downloading or sharing protected intellectual property without paying the required fees.”</p>
<p>But if social media pose a challenge to those who wish to protect their work, new technologies also present opportunities for unique projects that could not have been imagined a generation ago. The Open Siddur Project, for instance, allows individuals to craft their own personalized prayer books from texts that have been uploaded to their site, which includes texts that are in the public domain (like the prayers said by Jews living in the Byzantine empire) as well as prayers written by ordinary individuals who choose to share them.</p>
<p>“The golden rule here is that when people share Torah,” said Aharon N. Varady, founder and director of the Open Siddur Project, “Torah is increased in the world.”</p></blockquote>
<p>In my interview with Jonah, I explained to him the teaching of the <em>Sfas Emes</em>, the Gerrer Rebbe <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudah_Aryeh_Leib_Alter">Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter</a>, who taught in his drash on parshat Terumah, the following.<span class="footnote_referrer"><a role="button" tabindex="0" onclick="footnote_moveToReference_1613_2('footnote_plugin_reference_1613_2_1');" onkeypress="footnote_moveToReference_1613_2('footnote_plugin_reference_1613_2_1');" ><sup id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_1613_2_1" class="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text">[1]</sup></a><span id="footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1613_2_1" class="footnote_tooltip"> Translation is Rabbi Arthur Green&#8217;s from <em>The Language of Truth: The Torah Commentary of Sefat Emet</em> (JPS 1998, p.121, copyright all rights reserved, and here quoted through Fair Use.&nbsp;</span></span><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1613_2_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1613_2_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'center right', relative: true, offset: [0, 0], });</script>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote><p>The Midrash Tanhuma quotes: &#8220;I have given you good <em>lekaḥ</em> (teaching)&#8221; (Proverbs 4:2). [<em>Lekaḥ</em> can also refer to something acquired by purchase.] It then offers a parable of two merchants, one who has silk and the other peppers. Once they exchange their goods, each is again deprived of that which the other has. But if there are two scholars, one who has mastered the Order of Seeds and the other who knows the Order of Festivals, once they teach each other, each has both orders.</p>
<p>The point is that each one of Israel has a particular portion within Torah, yet it is also Torah that joins all our souls together. That is why Torah is called &#8220;perfect, restoring the soul&#8221; (Psalms 19:8). We become one through the power of Torah; it is &#8220;an inheritance of the assembly of Yaakov&#8221; (Deuteronomy 33:4). We receive from one another the distinctive viewpoint that belongs to each of us.</p>
<p>Of this, Scripture says: &#8220;God gives strength [=Torah] to His people, God bless His people with peace&#8221; (Psalm 29:11). The blessed Holy One&#8217;s name is &#8220;peace&#8221;; God is called the King of Peace, who makes peace in the heights. Torah, too, is composed of names of God and that is why Torah leads us to peace. So, too, it says: &#8220;He calls them all by name&#8221; (Isaiah 40:26), for the name of God includes all the hosts of heaven, joined together by that name. So, too, are the souls of Israel joined together by Torah.</p>
<p>The same was true in the building of the tabernacle. Each one gave his own offering, but they were all joined together by the tabernacle, until they became one. Only then did they merit <em>Shekhinah</em>&#8216;s presence. </p>
<p>This oneness has to exist on the three planes of thought, word, and deed. The tabernacle and Temple represent oneness in deed, Torah stands for unity of word, and God is the One of thought or contemplation.</p>
<p>The word <em>nefesh</em>, used for the &#8220;seventy souls&#8221; [who went into Egypt], appears to be singular. They all worshiped the same God, had the same longing and desire in their hearts. All of them were turned to God, and thus they became a single nation.</p></blockquote>
<p>The Open Siddur Project envisions Jewish spirituality as a shared and collaborative project that is rooted in the wisdom of our traditions and which finds expression through the evolving diversity of our communities and the intimate experiences of our individual relationships. Much like the <em>mishkan</em>, the traveling tent of meeting (or tabernacle) was the focal point for those creatively inspired Israelites to share their work, כֹּל אֲשֶׁר נְשָׂאוֹ לִבּוֹ, as their hearts were stirred (Exodus 36:2), so too we see the Open Siddur Project as a kind of יִחוּד, a unification of holy כַּוָּנוֹת (intentions) for those sharing their חִדּוּשִׁים (innovations) in Jewish spiritual practice, in sacred liturgy, in meditations and exercises, and in understanding through translations and commentary. In an age when our עֲבוֹדָה <em>avodah</em> (intentional practice) is expressed by communities and individuals in a multiplicity of ways, it behooves us to take our avodah seriously, respect and reflect this diversity, and provide the means for crafting newly designed סִידּוּרִים <em>Siddurim</em> accordingly. The Open Siddur Project is a community, space, and licensing framework for sharing those designs and enrich our individual and communal avodah with each others’ creativity and insight.
</div>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container"> <div class="footnote_container_prepare"><p><span role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_reference_container_label pointer" onclick="footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1613_2();">Notes</span><span role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_reference_container_collapse_button" style="display: none;; display: none;" onclick="footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1613_2();"></span></p></div> <div id="footnote_references_container_1613_2" style=""><table class="footnotes_table footnote-reference-container"><caption class="accessibility">Notes</caption> <tbody> 

<tr class="footnotes_plugin_reference_row"> <th scope="row" id="footnote_plugin_reference_1613_2_1" class="footnote_plugin_index pointer" onclick="footnote_moveToAnchor_1613_2('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1613_2_1');"><a role="button" tabindex="0" class="footnote_plugin_link" >1</a></th> <td class="footnote_plugin_text">Translation is Rabbi Arthur Green&#8217;s from <em>The Language of Truth: The Torah Commentary of Sefat Emet</em> (JPS 1998, p.121, copyright all rights reserved, and here quoted through Fair Use.</td></tr>

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