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| Source (Hebrew) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|
זהר חלק ב׳ פח א |
Zohar II 88a |
“זָכוֹר אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ” (שמות כ:ח) |
“Remember the Shabbat day to keep it holy”[1] Exodus 20:8. |
רַבִּי יִצְחָק אָמַר, כְּתִיב “וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי” (בראשית ב:ג חלק), וּכְתִיב “שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תִּלְקְטֻהוּ וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי שַׁבָּת לֹא יִהְיֶה־בּוֹ” (שמות טז:כו). כֵּיוָן דְּלָא מִשְׁתַּכְּחֵי בֵּיהּ מְזוֹנֵי מַה בִּרְכְתָא אִשְׁתְּכַח בֵּיהּ? אֶלָּא הָכִי תָּאנָא, כָּל בִּרְכָּאן דִּלְעֵילָּא וְתַתָּא בְּיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה תַּלְיָין. וְתָאנָא אֲמַאי לָא אִשְׁתְּכַח מָנָּא בְּיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה, מִשּׁוּם דְּהַהוּא יוֹמָא מִתְבָּרְכָאן מִינֵּיהּ כָּל שִׁיתָא יוֹמִין עִלָּאִין, וְכָל חַד וְחַד יָהִיב מְזוֹנֵיהּ לְתַתָּא כָּל חַד בְּיוֹמוֹי, מֵהַהוּא בְּרָכָה דְּמִתְבָּרְכָא בְּיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה. |
Rabbi Yitsḥaq said, “It is written: ‘Elohim blessed the seventh day,'[2] Genesis 2:3. and it is written: ‘Six days you shall gather it, and on the seventh day is Shabbat, there will be none then.'[3] Exodus 16:26. Since no food is found on it, what blessing is there? Well, it has been taught: All blessings above and below depend upon the seventh day. And it has been taught: Why did manna not appear on the seventh day? Because from that day all six supernal days are blessed, and every single one conveys nourishment, each on its day, from the blessing bestowed upon it on the seventh day. |
וּבְגִינֵי כַּךְ מַאן דְּאִיהוּ בְּדַרְגָּא דִּמְהֵימָנוּתָא, בָּעֵי לְסַדְּרָא פָּתוֹרֵיהּ, בְּלֵילְיָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא, בְּגִין דְּיִתְבָּרֵךְ פָּתוֹרֵיהּ כָּל אִינּוּן שִׁיתָא יוֹמִין, דְּהָא בְּהַהוּא זִמְנָא אִזְדָּמַן בְּרָכָה לְאִתְבָּרְכָא כָּל שִׁיתָא יוֹמִין דְּשַׁבְּתָא, וּבִרְכָתָא לָא אִשְׁתְּכַח בְּפָתוֹרָא רֵיקָנַיָּא, וְעַל כַּךְ בָּעֵי לְסַדְּרָא פָּתוֹרֵיהּ בְּלֵילְיָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא בְּנַהֲמֵי וּבִמְזוֹנֵי. |
“Therefore, whoever attains the rung of faith should arrange his table on the eve of Shabbat, so that his table may be blessed throughout those six days. For at that time blessing is prepared for all six days of the week, and no blessing appears on an empty table. Consequently, one should arrange his table on Shabbat eve with bread and food.” |
רַבִּי יִצְחָק אָמַר, אֲפִילוּ בְּיוֹמָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא נָמֵי. |
Rabbi Yitsḥaq said, “Even on the Shabbat day too!” |
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אָמַר, בָּעֵי לְאִתְעַנְגָּא בְּהַאי יוֹמָא, וּלְמֵיכַל תְּלַת סְעוּדָתֵי בְּשַׁבְּתָא, בְּגִין דְּיִשְׁתְּכַח שָׂבְעָא וְעִנּוּגָא בְּהַאי יוֹמָא בְּעָלְמָא. |
Rabbi Yehudah said, “One should delight on this day, eating three meals on Shabbat, so that satisfaction and delight may prevail this day in the world.” |
רַבִּי אַבָּא אָמַר, לאזדווגא בְּאִינּוּן יוֹמִין דִּלְעֵילָּא, דְּמִתְבָּרְכָאן מֵהַאי יוֹמָא, וְהַאי יוֹמָא מַלְיָא רֵישֵׁיהּ דִּזְעֵיר אַנְפִּין, מִטַּלָּא דְּנָחִית מֵעַתִּיקָא קַדִּישָׁא סְתִימָא דְּכֹלָּא, וְאָטִיל לְחַקְלָא דְּתַפּוּחִין קַדִּישִׁין, תְּלַת זִמְנֵי מִכַּד עָיִיִל שַׁבְּתָא, בְּגִין דְּיִתְבָּרְכוּן כֻּלְּהוּ כַּחֲדָא. |
Rabbi Abba said, “To couple with those days above, blessed by this day. On this day the head of the Zer Anpin/Short-Tempered One is filled with dew descending from the Atiqa Ḳadisha/Holy Ancient One, concealed of all, and He casts it into the Ḥaqal Tapuḥin Ḳadishin/Holy Apple Orchard three times once Shabbat enters, so that all are blessed as one.” |
וּבָעֵי בַּר נָשׁ לְאִתְעַנְגָּא תְּלַת זִמְנִין אִלֵּין, דְּהָא תַּלְיָא מְהֵימָנוּתָא דִּלְעֵילָּא, בְּעַתִּיקָא קַדִּישָׁא, וּבִזְעֵיר אַפִּין, וּבְחַקְלָא דְּתַפּוּחִין וּבָעֵי בַּר נָשׁ לְאִתְעַנְגָּא בְּהוּ וּלְמֵחדֵי בְּהוּ, וּמַאן דְּגָרַע סְעוּדָתָא מִנַיְיהוּ, אַחְזֵי פְּגִימוּתָא לְעֵילָא, וְעוֹנְשֵׁיהּ דְּהַהוּא בַּר נָשׁ סַגִּי. בְּגִינֵי כַּךְ בָּעֵי לְסַדְּרָא פָּתוֹרֵיהּ תְּלַת זִמְנֵי מִכַּד עָיִיִל שַׁבְּתָא, וְלָא יִשְׁתְּכַּח פָּתוֹרֵיהּ רֵיקָנַיָּא, וְתִשְׁרֵי בִּרְכְתָא עֲלֵיהּ כָּל שְׁאַר יוֹמֵי דְּשַׁבְּתָא, וּבְהַאי מִלָּה אַחְזֵי וְתָלֵי מְהֵימָנוּתָא לְעֵילָּא. |
“A person should delight on these three occasions, for supernal faith depends upon the Holy Ancient One, the Short-Tempered One, and the Apple Orchard, and one should delight in them and rejoice in them. Whoever omits one of those meals exposes a defect above, and that person’s punishment is severe. Therefore one should arrange his table three times once Shabbat enters, so that his table will not be empty and blessing will settle upon it throughout all other days of the week. By this, one demonstrates faith above; upon this, it depends.” |
רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אָמַר, הַאי מַאן דְּאַשְׁלִים תְּלַת סְעוּדָתֵי בְּשַׁבָּתָא, קָלָא נָפִיק וּמַכְרְזָא עָלֵיהּ, “אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל־יְהוָה” (ישעיה נח:יד חלק), דָּא סְעוּדָתָא חֲדָא לָקֳבֵל עַתִּיקָא קַדִּישָׁא דְּכָל קַדִּישִׁין. “וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ (ישעיה נח:יד חלק), דָּא סְעוּדָתָא אַחֲרָא לָקֳבֵל חַקְלָא דְּתַפּוּחִין קַדִּישִׁין. “וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ” (ישעיה נח:יד חלק), דָּא הוּא שְׁלִימוּ דְּאִשְׁתְּלִים בִּזְעֵיר אַפִּין. לְקַבְלֵיהּ בָּעֵי לְאַשְׁלְמָא סְעוּדָתֵיהּ וּבָעֵי לְאִתְעַנְגָּא בְּכֻלְּהוּ סְעוּדָתֵי, וּלְמֵחדֵי בְּכָל חַד וְחַד מִשּׁוּם דְּאִיהוּ מְהֵימָנוּתָא שְׁלֵימָתָא, וְעַל כַּךְ שַׁבְּתָא אִתְיָקָּר מִכָּל שְׁאַר זִמְנִין וְחַגִּין, מִשּׁוּם דְּכֹלָּא בֵּיהּ אִשְׁתְּכַח, וְלָא אִשְׁתְּכַח הָכִי בְּכֻלְּהוּ זִמְנֵי וְחַגֵּי. |
Rabbi Shim’on said, “If one completes three meals on Shabbat, a voice issues and proclaims: “‘Then you will delight על יהוה (al YHVH), above YHVH'[4] Isaiah 58:14 part —one meal, corresponding to the Ancient One, Holy of all holies. ‘And I will cause you to ride upon the heights of the earth'[5] Isaiah 58:14 part —another meal, corresponding to the Holy Apple Orchard. ‘And I will feed you the inheritance of your father Yaaqov'[6] Isaiah 58:14 part — consummation completed in the Short-Tempered One. Corresponding to Him, one should complete the meals, delighting in all those meals, rejoicing in every single one, for this is complete faith. Therefore, Shabbat is more highly honored than all other festivals and holy days, since within it all is found, and such is not the case with all those festivals and holy days.” |
אָמַר רַבִּי חִיָּיא, בְּגִין כָּךְ מִשּׁוּם דְּאִשְׁתְּכַח כֹּלָּא בֵּיהּ, אִידְכַּר תְּלַת זִמְנִין, דִּכְתִּיב “וַיְכַל אֱלֹהִים בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי…וַיִּשְׁבֹּת בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי…וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי” (בראשית ב:ב-ג). |
Rabbi Ḥiyya said, “Therefore, since within it all is found, it is mentioned three times, as is written: ‘Elohim completed on the seventh day…He ceased on the seventh day…Elohim blessed the seventh day'[7] Genesis 2:2-3 .” |
רַבִּי אַבָּא כַּד הֲוָה יָתִיב בִּסְעוּדָתָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא, הֲוֵי חַדֵּי בְּכָל חַד וְחַד, וַהֲוָה אָמַר: דָּא הִיא סְעוּדָתָא קַדִּישָׁא דְּעַתִּיקָא קַדִּישָׁא סְתִימָא דְּכֹלָּא. בִּסְעוּדָתָא אַחֲרָא הֲוָה אָמַר דָּא הִיא סְעוּדָתָא דְּקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, וְכֵן בְּכֻלְּהוּ סְעוּדָתֵי וַהֲוָה חַדֵּי בְּכָל חַד וְחַד. כַּד הֲוָה אַשְׁלִים סְעוּדָתֵי, אָמַר: אַשְׁלִימוּ סְעוּדָתֵי דִּמְהֵימָנוּתָא. |
When Rabbi Abba was sitting at a Shabbat meal, he would rejoice in each one. He would say, “This is the holy meal of the Holy Ancient One, concealed of all!” At another meal he would say, “This is the meal of the blessed Holy One!” And so with every meal, rejoicing in each one. When he had completed the meals, he would say, “The meals of faith are completed.” |
רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הָכִי הֲוָה אָמַר: אַתְקִינוּ סְעוּדָתָא דִּמְהֵימְנוּתָא, אַתְקִינוּ סְעוּדָתָא דְּמַלְכָּא. כַּד הֲוָה יְתִיב הֲווֹ מַכְרִזֵי עָלֵיהּ, “אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל־יְהוָה וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל־בָּמֳותֵי אָרֶץ וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ” (ישעיה נח:יד חלק). |
Rabbi Shim’on would say as follows: “Prepare the meal of faith! Prepare the meal of the King!” When he sat down, a proclamation would be made about him: “Then you will delight above YHVH, and I will cause you to ride upon the heights of the earth, and I will feed you the inheritance of your father Yaaqov.”[8] Isaiah 58:14 part. |
אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר לְאָבוּי, אִלֵּין סְעוּדָתֵי הֵיךְ מִתְתַּקְנִן? אָמַר לֵיהּ לֵילְיָא דְּשַׁבְּתָא כְּתִיב וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ, בֵּיהּ בְּלֵילְיָא מִתְבָּרְכָא מַטְרוֹנִיתָא, וְכֻלְּהוּ חֲקַל תַּפּוּחִין, וּמִתְבָּרְכָא פָּתוֹרֵיהּ דְּבַר נָשׁ, וְנִשְׁמְתָא אִתּוֹסְפַת, וְהַהוּא לֵילְיָא חֶדְוָותָא דְּמַטְרוֹנִיתָא הֲוֵי, וּבָעֵי בַּר נָשׁ לְמֶחדֵי בְּחֶדְוָותָא, וּלְמֵיכַל סְעוּדָתָא דְּמַטְרוֹנִיתָא. |
Rabbi El’azar asked his father, “How are these meals arranged?” [Rabbi Shim’on] replied, “Of Shabbat eve is written ‘and I will cause you to ride upon the heights of the earth'[9] Isaiah 58:14 part. —that very night Matronita is blessed along with the entire Apple Orchard, and a person’s table is blessed and a soul added. That night is joy of Matronita, and one should revel in joy and partake in the meal of Matronita.” |
בָּרוּךְ יְיָ לְעוֹלָם אָמֵן וְאָמֵן׃ |
Blessed is YHVH in the Cosmos, Amen v’Amen. |
The transcription above has been pointed according to the text at Sefaria (copied from Torat Emet Freeware) and checked against the critical transcription made available by the Zohar Education Project (Daniel Matt) pp. 197-199.
The translation above was adapted from that of Daniel Matt in The Zohar: Pritzker edition, volume four (Stanford University Press 2007). Please consult this volume for Matt’s invaluable commentary.
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“💬 זָכוֹר אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ | Remember the Shabbat day to keep it holy, a reading for the first se’udah of Shabbat from the Zohar (parashat Yitro)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project under their Fair Use Right (17 U.S. Code §107 - Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use), in respect to the copyrighted material included. Any additional work that is not already in the Public Domain is shared under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
![Arthur Szyk's black-and-white frontispiece for an illustrated Polish-language edition of Song of Songs: Pieśń nad Pieśniami [Song of Songs] Translated by Zygmunt Bromberg-Bytkowski. Łódź: M. Szajniak, 1924.](https://opensiddur.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Arthur_Szyk_1894-1951._Pieśń_nad_Pieśniami_Song_of_Songs_frontispiece_c.1924_Łódź_Poland.jpg)
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