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In Jewish liturgy, some passages are dəvarim she-bi-qdusha, passages that require public communal prayer. Most famous among these are the Qaddish, Barkhu, and Qədusha. But people are not always able to pray in a community! In liturgical history both ancient and modern many different tashlumim (replacements) for these texts when praying individually have been suggested. The following is a replacement for the Qedushah of Minḥah that used to be found in many traditional Ashkenazi siddurim.
While Isaac Seligman Baer’s Seder Avodat Yisrael was used as a source, these specific replacements are also found in works as varied as the Kitsur SheLaH and the siddur of the Yaavets. (This is exceptionally ironic since the known heresy-hunter was the one who proved the Kitsur SheLaH was a Sabbatean work!) Many of the texts found here are in variant form, often a form not found elsewhere in manuscripts.
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| Source (Hebrew) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|
מי שאינו יכול להתפלל עם הציבור או שאיחר לבוא לביה״כ ולא שמע קדיש או ברכו או קדושה הוא ישלים חסרונו בפסוקים וברייתות המדברות מענינים אלו, וע״פ הנוסחאות הנאות. |
One who cannot pray with the community or who is late in coming to synagogue and did not hear the Qaddish, Barkhu, or Qədushah, can make up his absence with verses and tannaitic teachings that speak of these matters, and according to the appropriate nusḥaot. |
במקום קדושה של מנחה יאמר זה אחר תחנון׃ |
In place of the Qədushah of Minḥah one says after Taḥanun: |
זֶה אוֹמֵר אֲנִי בִּמְקוֹם קְדוּשָּׁה שֶׁל־מִנְחָה׃ |
This I am saying in place of the Qədusha of Minḥah! |
וְלֹ֤א תְחַלְּלוּ֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קׇדְשִׁ֔י וְנִ֨קְדַּשְׁתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶֽם׃ (ויקרא כב:כג) |
And you will not degrade My holy name, and I will be sanctified among the children of Israel; I the Cause sanctify you. (Leviticus 22:32) |
שְׂרָפִ֨ים עֹמְדִ֤ים ׀ מִמַּ֙עַל֙ ל֔וֹ שֵׁ֧שׁ כְּנָפַ֛יִם שֵׁ֥שׁ כְּנָפַ֖יִם לְאֶחָ֑ד בִּשְׁתַּ֣יִם ׀ יְכַסֶּ֣ה פָנָ֗יו וּבִשְׁתַּ֛יִם יְכַסֶּ֥ה רַגְלָ֖יו וּבִשְׁתַּ֥יִם יְעוֹפֵֽף׃ וְקָרָ֨א זֶ֤ה אֶל־זֶה֙ וְאָמַ֔ר קָד֧וֹשׁ ׀ קָד֛וֹשׁ קָד֖וֹשׁ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת מְלֹ֥א כׇל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃ (ישעיה ו:ב-ג) |
Snake-angels standing around Them, six wings, six wings each — with two covering their face, with two covering their legs, and with two flying. And one called to another and said: “Holy, holy, holy is the Cause of Multitudes, the whole earth is full of Their glory!” (Isaiah 6:2-3) |
וַתִּשָּׂאֵ֣נִי ר֔וּחַ וָאֶשְׁמַ֣ע אַחֲרַ֔י ק֖וֹל רַ֣עַשׁ גָּד֑וֹל בָּר֥וּךְ כְּבוֹד־יְהֹוָ֖ה מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹ׃ (יחזקאל ג:יב) |
And a spirit lifted me and I heard behind me the sound of a great tumult — “Blessed be the glory of the Cause from its place!” (Ezekiel 3:12) |
יִמְלֹ֤ךְ יְהֹוָ֨ה ׀ לְעוֹלָ֗ם אֱלֹהַ֣יִךְ צִ֭יּוֹן לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֗ר הַֽלְﬞלוּ־יָֽהּ׃ (תהלים קמו:י) |
May the Cause reign forever! Your God, o Zion, from generation to generation; hallelujah! (Psalms 146:10) |
אָמְרוּ עָלָיו עַל סַנְדַּלְפוֹן שֶׁהוּא גָּבֽוֹהַּ יוֹתֵר מֵחֲבֵרָיו מַהֲלַךְ חֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה וְעוֹמֵד אֲחוֹרֵי מֶרְכָּבָה וְקוֹשֵׁר כְּתָרִים לְקוֹנוֹ וּמַשְׁבִּֽיעַ אֶת־הַכֶּֽתֶר וְעוֹלֶה וְיוֹשֵׁב בְּרֹאשׁ אֲדוֹנוֹ וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁיּוֹצֵא הַכֶּֽתֶר כׇּל־חֵילֵי מָרוֹם נִרְתָּתִים וּמִזְדַּעְזְעִים וְחַיּוֹת דּוֹמְמוֹת וּמְנַהֲמוֹת כַּאֲרִי בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה עוֹנִים וְאוֹמְרִים קָד֛וֹשׁ קָד֖וֹשׁ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת מְלֹ֥א כׇל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃ וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁמַּגִּֽיעַ לַכִּסֵּא מִתְגַּלְגְּלִים גַּלְגַּלֵּי הַכִּסֵּא וּמִתְרַעֲשִׁים אַדְנֵי שְׁרַפְרַף וְכׇל־רְקִיעִים אוֹחַזְתָּן חַלְחָלָה וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁהוּא עוֹבֵר עַל־כִּסְאוֹ כׇּל־חֵילֵי מָרוֹם וְכֶֽתֶר הַכָּבוֹד שֶׁלּוֹ פּוֹתְחִים פִּיהֶם וְאוֹמְרִים בָּר֥וּךְ כְּבוֹד־יְהֹוָ֖ה מִמְּקוֹמֽוֹ׃ בֹּא וּרְאֵה כַּמָּה גְּדֻלָּתוֹ וְשִׁבְחוֹ שֶׁל־הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁבְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמַּגִּֽיעַ הַכֶּֽתֶר לְרֹאשׁוֹ מַחֲזִיק עַצְמוֹ לְקַבֵּל הַכֶּֽתֶר מֵעֲבָדָיו וְכׇל־חַיּוֹת וּשְׂרָפִים וְגַלְגַּלֵּי הַמֶּרְכָּבָה וְכִסֵּא הַכָּבוֹד וְחֵילֵי מַֽעְלָה וּמַטָּה מִתְגַּדְּלִים וּמִתְגַּבְּרִים וּמִתְגָּאִים וְנוֹתְנִים הוֹד וְהָדָר וּמַמְלִיכִים כֻּלָּם בְּפֶה אֶחָד וְאוֹמְרִים יְהֹוָ֥ה ׀ יִמְלֹ֖ךְ לְעֹלָ֥ם וָעֶֽד׃ (פסיקתא רבתי כ׳) |
They said of him, of Sandalphon, that he is a five hundred years’ walk taller than his companions, and he stands behind the chariot and ties crowns to his Possessor, and swears upon the crown, which rises and sits on the head of its Master, and at the time when the crown goes out all the forces of on high tremble and quake, and the beast-angels are stunned and roar like a lion. At that time they respond and say, “Holy, holy, holy is the Cause of Multitudes, the whole earth is full of Their glory!” And at the time when it reaches the Throne, the Throne’s wheel-angels roll, and the pedestals of the Footstool shake around, and all the firmaments are seized by seizing. And at the time that it passes over Their throne, all the forces on high and Their glorious crown open their mouths and say “Blessed be the glory of the Cause from its place!” Come and see how great and praiseworthy the blessed Holy One is, for at the time that the crown arrives on Their head They strengthen Themself to accept the crown from Their servants, and all the beast-angels and snake-angels and wheel-angels of the Chariot and the Throne of Glory and the higher and lower forces greaten and strengthen and take pride and grant pomp and pageantry and coronate together in a unified voice and say “The Cause will reign forever and aye!” (Pesikta Rabbati 20) |
Source(s)
“תשלומי מנחה קדושה ליחיד (אשכנז) | Replacement for the Qedushah of Minḥah when Praying Alone or Without a Minyan, from Seder Avodat Yisrael (1868)” is shared through the Open Siddur Project with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International copyleft license.
Stable Link:
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Associated Image:
Praying Jew, a painting by
Aleksander Grodzicki (1893) in the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw
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ויהי נעם אדני אלהינו עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננה עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננהו "May the pleasantness of אדֹני our elo’ah be upon us; may our handiwork be established for us — our handiwork, may it be established." –Psalms 90:17
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