![the Open Siddur Project [logo]](https://opensiddur.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Open-Siddur-Project-Logo-2016.svg){kind=logo}
In Jewish liturgy, some passages are dəvarim she-bi-qdushaי, passages that require public communal prayer. Most famous among these are the Qaddish, Barkhu, and Qədushah. But people are not always able to pray in a community! In liturgical history both ancient and modern many different tashlumim (replacements) for these texts when praying individually have been suggested. The following is the Qədushah d-Yotser Or for an individual from Seder Rav ȝAmram, the oldest known full siddur. Much of the content is from the hekhalot literature or the Gemara, often demonstrating girsaot not otherwise known.
Note: “The CAUSE” is used to translate the Divine Name YHVH, based on the philosophical idea of God as the Prime Mover and on the interpretation of the Name as a causative form of the copula – “causes to be.” This translation also uses the plural pronouns They/Their/Them to refer to God as a pluralis majestatis, and to avoid the implications of God being assigned a gender. (Find Ibn Ezra’s commentary on Genesis 1:1 for a discussion of the pluralis majestatis when referring to God.) All divine referents (pronouns, epithets, names) are rendered in unicase.
TOGGLE COLUMNS (on/off):ADJUST COLUMN POSITIONS: select the column header cell and drag it where you want. show me!COPY INDIVIDUAL COLUMN(S): use CopyTables, a browser extension.
| Source (Hebrew) | Translation (English) |
|---|---|
כיון שיגיע ”בנחת רוח“ אומר |
When one gets to “with proud spirit,”[1] From the Yotser Or blessing. In common practice this passage is no longer considered dəvarim she-biqdushah, although some Sefaradim still refrain from saying it when praying individually. say: |
נַהֲרֵי שִׂמְחָה נַהֲרֵי שָׂשׂוֹן נַהֲרֵי גִּלָּה נַהֲרֵי רָצוֹן נַהֲרֵי אַהֲבָה נַהֲרֵי רֵעוּת מִשְׁתַּפְּכִין וְיוֹצְאִין מִלִּפְנֵי כִּסֵּא הַכָּבוֹד וּמִתְגַּבְּרִין וְהוֹלְכִין בְּשַׁעֲרֵי נְתִיבוֹת עֲרָבוֹת רָקִֽיעַ מִקּוֹל נִגּוּן כִּנּוֹרוֹת חַיּוֹתָיו וּמְקוֹל רִנַּת תֻּפֵּי אוֹפָנִּים וּמְקוֹל זְמִירוֹת צִלְצְלֵי כְּרוּבִּין מִתְגַּבֵּר וְיוֹצֵא הַקּוֹל בְּקוֹל רַֽעַשׁ גָּדוֹל בִּקְדֻשָּׁה בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל אוֹמְרִין לְפָנָיו קָד֧וֹשׁ ׀ קָד֛וֹשׁ קָד֖וֹשׁ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת מְלֹ֥א כׇל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃ (ישעיה ו:ג) |
Rivers of happiness, Rivers of joy, Rivers of merriment, Rivers of desire, Rivers of love, Rivers of friendship …cascade and go out from before the Throne of Glory and grow stronger and go in the gates of the paths of ȝAravoth, the [seventh] firmament, from the sound of Their beast-angels’ lyre music, and from the sound of the wheel-angels’ drum cheer, and from the sound of the mount-angels’ cymbal hymns, the sound grows stronger and goes out in a loud rushing sound in holiness at the time that Israel says before Them: “Holy, holy, holy is the Cause of Multitudes! All the earth is full of Their glory!” (Isaiah 6:3) [2] From Hekhalot Rabbati 10:3 |
אָמַר רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל שָׁלֹשׁ כִּתּוֹת שֶׁלְּמַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת אוֹמְרוֹת קָדוֹשׁ בְּכׇל־יוֹם כַּת אַחַת אוֹמֶֽרֶת קָדוֹשׁ וְכַת אַחֶֽרֶת אוֹמֶֽרֶת קָדוֹשׁ קָדוֹשׁ וְכַת אַחַת אוֹמֶֽרֶת קָד֧וֹשׁ ׀ קָד֛וֹשׁ קָד֖וֹשׁ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת מְלֹ֥א כׇל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃ (ישעיה ו:ג) |
Said Rabbi Yishmaȝel: Three parties of ministering messenger-angels say “Holy!” every day. One party says “Holy!” Another party says “Holy, holy!” And one party says: “Holy, holy, holy is the Cause of Multitudes! All the earth is full of Their glory!” (Isaiah 6:3) [3] Possibly a variant form of Ḥullin 91b. |
וממשיכים ”בוהאופנים וחיות הקודש“… |
And continue with “And the wheel-angels and holy beasts…” |
Notes
“תשלום לקדושה דיוצר אור ליחיד (סדר רב עמרם) | Replacement for the Qədushah d-Yotser Or for an individual praying alone or without a minyan, from Seder Rav ȝAmram” is shared through the Open Siddur Project with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International copyleft license.
Stable Link:
https://opensiddur.org/?p=60003
Associated Image:
A Jewish Man, Wearing a Prayer Shawl, Wrapping His Arm in Phylactery, in Preparation for Prayer Zeravshan Okrug. Samarkand (photo credit: Aleksandr L. Kun)
(This image is set to automatically show as the "featured image" in shared links on social media.)
Terms of Use:
Be a mentsch (a conscientious, considerate person) and adhere to the following guidelines:
- Properly attribute the work to Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) and Amram ben Rav Sheshna.
- Clearly indicate the date you accessed the work and in what ways, if any, you modified it. (If you have adapted the work, let us know so that the contributor might consider endorsing your revision.)
- Provide the stable link to this resource: <https://opensiddur.org/?p=60003>.
- Indicate that the original work was shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 International copyleft license. (To redistribute or remix this work in any format, modified or unmodified, you must refer to the terms of the license under which the work is shared.)
Additional Notes:
- The views expressed in this work represent the views of their creator(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Open Siddur Project's developers, its diverse community of volunteer contributors, or its institutional partners.
- We strongly advise against printing sacred texts and art containing divine names as these copies must be regarded with reverence, complicating their casual treatment and disposal.
- If you must dispose of a printed sacred text (one containing Divine Names), please locate the closest genizah (often established by a synagogue) and contact its custodians for further instructions. We also recommend using Morah Yehudis Fishman's Prayer for Adding a Work to the Genizah.
Support this work:
The Open Siddur Project is a volunteer-driven, non-profit, non-commercial, non-denominational, non-prescriptive, gratis & libre Open Access archive of contemplative praxes, liturgical readings, and Jewish prayer literature (historic and contemporary, familiar and obscure) composed in every era, region, and language Jews have ever prayed. Our goal is to provide a platform for sharing open-source resources, tools, and content for individuals and communities crafting their own prayerbook (siddur). Through this we hope to empower personal autonomy, preserve customs, and foster creativity in religious culture.
ויהי נעם אדני אלהינו עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננה עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננהו "May the pleasantness of אדֹני our elo’ah be upon us; may our handiwork be established for us — our handiwork, may it be established." –Psalms 90:17
Comments, Corrections, and Queries