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אֶל מִי מִגּוֹאֲלֵי | El Mi Migoalei (To whom among the redeemers), a rehuṭah piyyuṭ for Yom Kippur by Avraham ben-Shmuel (Abulafia) translated by Avi Solomon

This liturgical poem is read by Sefardic congregations around the globe on the holy day of Yom Kippur. The poem’s acrostic reads Abraham ben Samuel. [Although the name Abulafia is not indicated in the acrostic,] Samuel was Avraham Abulafia’s father’s name and the same technique and name is used in the chapter headings of Light of the Intellect. Intriguing!

Source (Hebrew)Translation (English)
אֶל מִי מִגּוֹאֲלֵי דָם אֶצְעַק
וְיָדַי שָׁפְכוּ דָמִים
To whom among the reD-eeMers[1] The letters D and M here are capitalized, an allusion to דם (Hebrew: DaM). I could have translated “To whom among those bloodied with blood” but chose to play with גואל.  of blood can I cry out to,
when my own hands have shed blood?
בָּחַנְתִּי לִבּוֹת מְשַׂנְאִים
וְאֵין שׂוֹנֵא אוֹתִי כִּלְבָבִי
Having examined hatred in hearts,
no heart despises me as my own.
רָבוּ פִּצְעֵי אוֹיְבִים וּמַכּוֹתָם
וְאֵין מוּכֵּה וּפָצוּעַ כְּנַפְשִׁי
Blows and wounds by my enemies multiply,
but there is no striker and wounder as my own soul.
הִדִּיחוּנִי מַשְׁחִיתִים לְחַבֵּל
וְאֵין מַסִּית וּמַדִּיחַ כְּעֵינַי
The corrupt have ensnared me into sabotage,
but there is no slanderer and ensnarer as my own eyes.
מִגַּחַל אֶל גַּחַל הִתְהַלַּכְתִּי
וְלֹא שְֹרָפַתְנִי אֵשׁ כְּחוֹם תַּאֲוָתִי
I have stepped from ember to ember,
but no fire has torched me as the heat of my own lust.
בְּפַחִים נִלְכַּדְתִּי וּמְצוֹדוֹת
וְלֹא לְכָדַנִי מוֹקֵשׁ כִּלְשׁוֹנִי
I have been trapped in pits and by nets,
but no mine has caught me as my own tongue.
נְשָׁכוּנִי נָחָשׁ וְעַקְרָב
וְאֵין נוֹשֵׁךְ בְּשָׂרִי כְּשִׁינַּי
Snake and scorpion have stung me,
but no one bites my flesh like my own teeth.
שׁוֹדְדִים עַל קַל רְדָפוּנִי
וְאֵין רוֹדֵף אוֹתִי כְּרַגְלַי
Robbers have pursued me on horses,
but I have no pursuer like my own two feet.
מַכְאוֹבַי אִמְּצוּ מִמֶּנִּי
וְאֵין מַכְאוֹבִי כְּמִרְיִי
My tribulations have overwhelmed me,
but there is no pain to match my own melancholy.
וִיכַבְּדוּ מַדְוֵי לְבָבִי
וַעֲוֺנַי יוֹתֵר מִכּוּלָּם
Heavy are the sorrows of my heart,
but my sin overwhelms them.
אֶל מִי אֶצְעַק וְאֶל מִי
וּמַחֲרִיבַי מִמֶּנִּי יֵצֵאוּ
To whom can I cry out to, to whom?
for my destroyers emerge from myself.
לֹא מָצָאתִי לִי טוֹב
כִּי אִם לָבוֹא בְּסֵתֶר רַחֲמֶיךָ
I have found no good
except to find refuge in the cave of your mercy.
רַחֲמֶיךָ הַפְלֵא עַל לֵב הַנִּשְׁבָּר
אֵל מֶלֶךְ יוֹשֵב עַל כִּסֵּא רַחֲמִים
Your compassion cures the broken heart,
O Lord, my King, reposed on the throne of mercy!

This is “El Mi Migoalei,” a rehuṭah piyyut for Yom Kippur by Avraham ben Shmuel, as indicated by the acrostic signature (likely the same person as Avraham Abulafia.) Our transcription of the text follows that found in National Library of Russia, Ms. EVR II A 913. The vocalization is based on the niqqud published by Ḥaim Sherman (transcribed by Project Ben Yehuda), which contains some variation in wording not found in our manuscript. Our niqqud conforms to the wording found in the manuscript used for our transcription (not Sherman’s).

This translation of “El Mi Migoalei” was made by Avi Solomon and first published via his patreon page, on 31 October 2019. The poem was introduced ten months prior, along with page images of the piyyut, in Avi’s post, “A poem by Abraham Abulafia in the Siddur?” on 16 January 2019.

While the attribution to Abulafia cannot be known with absolute certainty, the play of words beginning with אל, לא, and אין (‘to whom,’ ‘no,’ and ‘not’), ultimately inverted in the final line to אל (‘Deity’), strikes me as very Abulafian at a time when ḳabbalists were seeking innovation with the mystical via negativa tradition inherited via Maimonides. –Aharon Varady

Source(s)

Selihah for Yom Kippur (Avraham Abulafia, National Library of Russia Ms. EVR II A 913)

 

Notes

Notes
1The letters D and M here are capitalized, an allusion to דם (Hebrew: DaM). I could have translated “To whom among those bloodied with blood” but chose to play with גואל.

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