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Purim Sheni

This is an archive of al hanissim prayers and related piyyutim written for a Purim Sheni, i.e., a second or secondary Purim. In many Jewish communities around the world, “local Purims” celebrating the survival of specific communities are made which include the retelling of stories of their redemption under chilling circumstances.

Click here to contribute a reading you have written, translated, or transcribed for a Purim Sheni.

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יום טוב של ק״ק קארפינטראס לט״ו בחדש כסליו | Poetic Additions for 15 Kislev, for when a heavily armed group of gentiles didn’t commit mass slaughter in Carpentras (1512)

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Purim Sheni

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16th century C.E., 54th century A.M., על הנסים al hanissim, Arba Kehillot, Carpentras, local communal deliverance commemorations, Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin, salvation, second Purims

Contributor(s):

Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) and Unknown

יום טוב של ק״ק קארפינטראס ל״ט בחדש ניסן | Poetic Additions for 9 Nisan, for when guards protected the Jews of Carpentras from an attempted pogrom — by Rabbi Mordecai Astruc (1682)

The Seder ha-Tamid, a Provençal (Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin) siddur published in Avignon in 1766, has liturgical additions for an amazing five different local festivals — one for Avignon, and two each for Carpentras and Cavaillon. Here’s a series of piyyutim for the ninth of Nisan in Carpentras. On 9 Nisan 5442 (17 April 1682), the gentile murderer of a Jew from Carpentras was drowned according to law. A mob began to form to attack the Jews for deigning to not be murdered. The rector of the comtat, Michele Antonio Vibò, decided to send guards to protect the Jews from the mob. This decision was celebrated by the Jews with multiple piyyuṭim and a full recitation of Hallel. Uniquely for the minor Purims analyzed in the Seder ha-Tamid so far, we know the author of one of these piyyutim, a sage and payṭan by the name of R. Mordecai Astruc! . . .

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Purim Sheni

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17th century C.E., 55th century A.M., על הנסים al hanissim, Arba Kehillot, Carpentras, local communal deliverance commemorations, Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin, salvation, second Purims

Contributor(s):

Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Unknown and Mordecai Astruc

עַל־הַנִּסִּים לכ״ח בְּחֹדֶשׁ שְׁבָט | Al ha-Nissim for 28 Shəvat, for the fortunate rescue of a wanderer in the area of the synagogue in Avignon (1766)

The Seder ha-Tamid, a Provençal (Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin) siddur published in Avignon in 1766, has liturgical additions for an amazing five different local festivals — one for Avignon, and two each for Carpentras and Cavaillon. I’m working on transcribing all of these, but to start, here’s an Al haNissim for the twenty-eighth of Shvat in Avignon. Written in rhymed prose, this text tells the story of a gentile who fell headfirst down a deep well near the synagogue, but successfully managed to flip himself over and wedged his feet in the walls. Even more miraculously, afterwards he declared that it was his own fault he fell in the pit! The Jews of the Comtat, an area under direct papal control at the time, were well aware of the tenuousness of their position, and were the man a talebearer then they could have faced a pogrom or exile. . . .

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Purim Sheni

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18th century C.E., 56th century A.M., על הנסים al hanissim, Arba Kehillot, Avignon, local communal deliverance commemorations, Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin, salvation, second Purims

Contributor(s):

Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) and Unknown

אַזְכִּיר מַעֲשֵׂה ה׳ | Azkir Ma’aseh Hashem — a Purim Sheni piyyut of Tripoli for the Shabbat preceding the 29 of Tevet, by Avraham Khalfon

In North Africa, a unique custom developed of reciting a Mi Khamokha v-Ein Kamokha piyyut, inspired by the famed Shabbat Zakhor work of Yehuda haLevi, on the Shabbat before a local Purim (a celebration of community’s deliverance from destruction). This piyyut, written by R. Avraham ben Rafael Khalfon, was recited on the Shabbat before 29 Tevet in the community of Tripoli, to celebrate the victory of the Karamanlid dynasty over the despotic usurper Ali Burghul (after events transpiring from 1793-1804). . . .

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Purim Sheni

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19th century C.E., 29 Tevet, 56th century A.M., Alphabetic Acrostic, Libyan Jewry, Maghrebi Jewry, North African Jewry, פיוטים piyyuṭim

Contributor(s):

Avraham Khalfon, Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut) and Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation)

🆕 יום טוב של ק״ק קאוואליאון לכ״ט בחדש סיון | Poetic Additions for 29 Sivan, a barely-avoided blood-libel pogrom in Cavaillon (1713)

The Seder ha-Tamid, a Provençal (Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin) siddur published in Avignon in 1766, has liturgical additions for an amazing five different local festivals — one for Avignon, and two each for Carpentras and Cavaillon. Here’s a series of piyyutim for the twenty-ninth of Sivan in Cavaillon. On 29 Sivan 5473 (23 June 1713) a Christian child was found dead and drained of blood. A mob was formed, which stormed the Jewish quarter in Cavaillon looking for any sign of blood in their houses. But none was found, and — miraculously — the total lack of evidence was enough to stop the Jews from being murdered. (Would be nice if that had worked every time there was a blood libel, seeing as there was never any evidence for something that never happened.) To commemorate this close-call escape, the Jews of Cavaillon celebrated a minor festival day, with some additional psalms, an Al haNisim poem by (the otherwise unknown) R. Gad son of R. Judah de Bédarride, and a recitation of the Song of the Sea. . . .

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Purim Sheni

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18th century C.E., 55th century A.M., על הנסים al hanissim, Arba Kehillot, Cavallion, local communal deliverance commemorations, Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin, salvation, second Purims

Contributor(s):

Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) and Gad bar Tehudah de Bédarride

🆕 יום טוב של ק״ק קאוואליאון לכ״ה בחדש אייר | Poetic additions for 25 Iyyar, for the abatement of a plague in Cavaillon (1631)

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Purim Sheni, Epidemics & Pandemics

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17th century C.E., 54th century A.M., על הנסים al hanissim, Arba Kehillot, Cavallion, Epidemic, local communal deliverance commemorations, Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin, salvation, second Purims

Contributor(s):

Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) and Unknown

Stable Link: https://opensiddur.org/index.php?cat=6840

Associated Image:

Victim of Fantaticism (Mykola Pymonenko, ca. 1899) in the collection of the Fine Arts Museum, Kharkiv

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ויהי נעם אדני אלהינו עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננה עלינו ומעשה ידינו כוננהו "May the pleasantness of אדֹני our elo’ah be upon us; may our handiwork be established for us — our handiwork, may it be established." –Psalms 90:17

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