
Unknown Author(s)
Sometimes the best we can do in attributing a historical work is to indicate the period and place it was written, the first prayer book it may have been printed in, or the archival collection in which the manuscript was found. We invite the public to help to attribute all works to their original composers. If you know something not mentioned in the commentary offered, please leave a comment or contact us.
Rosh Ḥodesh Adar (אַדָר) Alef & Bet | Addenda | Additional Fast Days | Additional Morning Prayers | Additional Preparatory Prayers | After the Aliyot | Minḥah | Aleinu | Weekday Amidah | Aqédat Yitsḥaq | 🌐 Armistice Day (November 11th) | Art & Craft | Arvit l'Shabbat | Asarah b'Tevet Readings | 🇦🇹 Austria | Rosh Ḥodesh Av (אָב) | Morning Baqashot | Barekh | Barkhu | Barukh she’Amar | Barukh Hashem l’Olam | Bedtime Shema | Before the Aliyot | Berakhot she'Asani | Berakhot sheNatani | Birkat Ahavah | Birkat Ahavah for Ma'ariv/Arvit | Birkat Ga'al Yisrael for Shaḥarit | Blessings After Eating | Birkhot haTorah | Birkonim (בענטשערס Bentshers) | Tehilim Book 5 (Psalms 107–150) | Tehilim Book 4 (Psalms 90–106) | Tehilim Book 1 (Psalms 1–41) | Tehilim Book 2 (Psalms 42–72) | Brit Milah & Simḥat Bat | 🇺🇸 National Brotherhood Week | Slavery & Captivity | Child care | Conflicts over Sovereignty and Dispossession | Congregation & Community | Contemplation | Counting Days | Davvening | Divrei Hayamim (Chronicles 1 & 2) | Dreaming | Drought & Wildfire | the Dry Season (Spring & Summer) | Dying | Earth, our Collective Home & Life-Support System | 🌐 Earth Day (22 April) | Elohai Neshamah | Rosh Ḥodesh Elul (אֶלוּל) | Epidemics & Pandemics | Erev Shabbat | Esther | Maariv Aravim | Extracanonical Megillot | Preparing one's face | Rosh haShanah la-Behemah | Rosh haShanah la-Melakhim | 🇫🇷 France | Friday | Birkat Ga'al Yisrael for Ma'ariv/Arvit | Pogroms & Genocide | 🇩🇪 Germany | Government & Country | Ḥag haBanot (Eid el Benat) Readings | Hallel for Festivals & Rosh Ḥodesh | Hallel | Preparing one's hands | Ḥanukkah | Ḥanukkah Readings | Hashkivenu | Hekhalot Writings | 🌐 Holocaust Remembrance Day (January 27th) | Homes & Community Centers | Hoshana Rabba | 🇭🇺 Hungary | Immersion (Purification) | Imminent Communal Danger & Distress | Incantations, Adjurations, & Amulets | Incense and other Offerings | 🌐 International Women's Day (March 8th) | 🌐 International Workers' Day (May 1st) | 🇮🇪 Ireland | 🇮🇹 Italy | Rosh Ḥodesh Iyyar (אִיָּר) | Ḳaddish | Kaparōt | Ḳiddush Levanah | Rosh Ḥodesh Kislev (כִּסְלֵו) | Kristallnacht (9-10 November, 16 Marḥeshvan) | 🇺🇸 Labor Day (1st Monday of September) | Learning, Study, and School | Magid | Mah anu | Man-made Disasters | Rosh Ḥodesh Marḥeshvan (מַרְחֶשְׁוָן) | 🇮🇱 Medinat Yisra'el (the State of Israel) | Meteorological and Astronomical Observations | Midrash Aggadah | Midrash Halakhah | Military Personnel & Veterans | Mishlei (Proverbs) | 🇺🇸 Mother's Day (2nd Sunday of May) | Motsei Shabbat | Mourning | Mussar (Ethical Teachings) | 🇳🇱 the Netherlands | Nirtsah | Rosh Ḥodesh Nisan (נִיסָן) | Nittel Nacht Readings | Parashat b'Shalaḥ | Parashat Yitro | Pesaḥ | Haggadot for the Seder Leil Pesaḥ | Personal & Paraliturgical collections of prayers | Pesaḥ Readings | Pesaḥ Yamei Ḥag | Phonaesthetics | 🇵🇹 Portugal | Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbirth | Psalm of the Day | Psuqei d'Zimrah/Zemirot l'Shabbat ul'Yom Tov | Purim | Purim Readings | Purim Sheni Readings | Ḳabbalat Shabbat | Ḳadesh | Qedushah | Qorbanot | 🇺🇸 Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust | Repenting, Resetting, and Reconciliation | Rosh haShanah (l’Maaseh Bereshit) | Rosh haShanah la-Behemah Readings | Rosh haShanah Readings | Rosh Ḥodesh | Rosh Ḥodesh Readings | 🇷🇺 Russia | Saturday | Second Temple Period | Sefer Yetsirah | Sefirat ha-Omer | Sefirat haOmer Readings | Se'udah haShlishit | Se'udat Leil Shabbat | Se'udat Yom Shabbat | Shabbat | Shabbat haGadol | Shabbat Məvorkhim | Minḥah l'Shabbat | Musaf l'Shabbat | Shabbat Readings | Shaḥarit l'Shabbat ul'Yom Tov | Shabbat Siddurim | Social Justice, Peace, and Liberty | Shavuot | Shavuot Readings | Shemini Atseret (and Simḥat Torah) | Rosh Ḥodesh Shəvat (שְׁבָט) | Shir haShirim (the Song of Songs, Canticles) | Shirat ha-Yam | Shiv'ah Asar b'Tamuz | Shiv'ah b'Adar | Shiv'ah b'Adar Readings | Sigd Festival | Rosh Ḥodesh Sivan (סִיוָן) | Dangerous Storms & Floods | Torah Study | Sukkot | Ta'anit Esther | 🤦︎ Taḥanun (Nefilat Apayim) | Taking a life | Rosh Ḥodesh Tammuz (תַּמּוּז) | Terror | Rosh Ḥodesh Tevet (טֵבֵת) | Theurgy | Tiqqunei Zohar | Tishah b'Av | Rosh Ḥodesh Tishrei (תִּשְׁרֵי) | Travel | Tu biShvat Readings | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 🇺🇸 United States of America | Vayivarekh David | War | Engagements & Weddings | Wednesday | Well-being, health, and caregiving | the Wet Season (Fall & Winter) | Labor, Fulfillment, and Parnasah | Yaḥats | Yehi Kh’vod | Yishtabaḥ Shimkha | 🇮🇱 Yom ha-Ém (30 Shəvat) | 🇮🇱 Yom haShoah (27 Nisan) | 🇮🇱 Yom haZikaron | Yom Kippur | Yom Meturgeman | Yom Niqanor Readings | Yotser Or | 7th Day of Pesaḥ | Khaf Sivan | Yom haQeshet (Day of the Rainbow, 27 Iyyar) | Psalms 146 | Psalms 147 | Psalms 148 | Psalms 149 | Psalms 150
a red ribbon | ABAB rhyming scheme | abbreviated alternative formulas | ABCB rhyming scheme | abduction | אברא כדברא abra k'davra | acrostic | Acrostic signature | phonetic alphabetic acrostic translation | addenda | אדיר במלוכה Adir Bimlukhah | אדיר הוא Adir Hu | אדון הסליחות Adon haSeliḥot | אדון עולם Adon Olam | אהבה רבה ahavah rabbah | אהבת עולם ahavat olam | air | air travel | Akkadian | על הנסים al hanissim | על כן נקוה al ken n'qaveh | על נהרות בבל Al naharot Bavel | אל תירא al tira | Alef b'Elul | עלינו Aleinu | Aleph-Bet | Algiers | Alphabetic Acrostic | alphabetic mesostic | alternate timeline | American Jewry of the United States | עמידה amidah | Amoraic prayers | amulet bowls | קמעות qame'ot (amulets) | אנא בכח Ana b'Khoaḥ | political and religious anarchism | anatomical | עננו anenu | Angelic Nature | Angelic Protection | angelology | Angels | Angels as advocates | Angels of Healing | animal protection | animal welfare | animals | anti-feminist | anti-karaite | anti-predatory | anti-soporific | Antiquity | anxiety | apocryphal psalms | apotropaic prayers of protection | apotropaic rituals of protection | apprehension | Aquarius | Arabic translation | Aramaic | Aramaic translation | Arba Kehillot | Areinfirenish | Aries | ascent | ascetic practice | אשמנו Ashamnu | Asher | Ashkenaz | Ashmodai | אשרי Ashrei | Asiatic Cholera | Asiyah | Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Suret) | Astrological | Atah Hu | atonement | authority vs. integrity | Avignon | Avot and Imahot | Avraham Avinu | אז ישיר Az Yashir | ba'alei ḥayyim | Babylonian | Baghdad | balance | במה מדליקין bameh madliqin | בקשות Baqashot | Bar Kochba Rebellion | Baraqon | Barkhi Nafshi | barley | ברוך שאמר barukh she'amar | Before Sleep | בהמות behemot | Bendigamos | Bene Israel | בענטשן bentshn | Beta Esrael | bigotry | bikkurim | Bilhah | Binginot | Binyamin | birds | ברכת גאל ישראל birkat ga'al yisrael | ברכת הבית birkat habayit | ברכת המזון birkat hamazon | bitul neshama | blessings | blessings following the shema | blessings prior to the shema | Body as Cosmos | ברכות brakhot | Bratislava | Break Fasts | breastfeeding | Breath | breathing | ברית brit | brit milah | British Commonwealth | British Empire | British Jewry | British Monarchy | Bukharan Jewry | Bukhori | burial service | Byzantine Empire | Byzantium | Cairo Geniza | calendar announcements | call to prayer | candle lighting | cantillated liturgy | Capricorn | captive animals | captives | Carpentras | cemetery prayers | centos | challenge | Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte | child mortality | childbirth | childhood illness | childlessness | children | Children of Avraham | children's education | Chinese translation | Chronicles | circle drawing | circumcision | Classical Antiquity | Classical Reform | Closing Prayers | cold iron | Colonialism | colonization | combating anti-Jewish oppression | commencement | communal confession | conception | confession | Constitutional Monarchy | constructed languages | Coronation | cosmogony | cosmological | cosmology | counting | counting songs | creation | creeping creatures | Crimean Tatar | Crown | Crowning | Curaçao | cyclical | Daily Hallel | dairy foods | דיינו Daiyenu | dancing | danger | Daniel | Darija | Dawn | Decalogue | dedications and consecrations | derivative work | deuterocanonical works | devotional interpretation | diaspora | diplomacy | Distress | Divine name acrostic | Divrei Hayamim | Djerba | domesticated animals | dominion | dragons | dreams | Droit du seigneur | drought conditions | Dutch Jewry | Early Ammoraic | early first-millennium CE | early Judaism | Early Medieval | Early Middle Ages | Early Religious Zionist | earth pledges | eating animals | eco-conscious | eco-feminism | ecoḥasid | economic distress | education | egalitarian | Egyptian | Egyptian Jewry | אחד מי יודע eḥad mi yode'a | אין כאלהינו Ein kEloheinu | אל אדון el adon | אל מלא רחמים El Malé Raḥamim | אל שמר El Shemor | אלי ציון Eli Tsiyon | אליהו הנביא Eliyahu haNavi | אלהי נשמה Elohai neshamah | אלהינו שבשמים Elohenu Shebashamayim | Emancipation | אמת ויציב emet v'yatsiv | England | English piyyutim | English poetry | English Romanticism | English Translation | English vernacular prayer | entering | entering magical territory | entification | epical narrative as ward | Epidemic | epithalamion | epizootic contagion | ארץ ישראל Erets Yisrael | eros | eschaton | אשת חיל eshet ḥayil | esoteric Judaism | Esperanto translation | Ethiopian Jewry | Ethiopic translation | evening | עין הרע predatory gaze (ill will/evil eye) | expiation | fasting | fertility | fire | First Crusade | first experiences | First French Empire | first fruits | first person | First Temple Period | Five Megillot | flash floods | Floods | flying | food | Four Questions | four worlds | הקפה ד׳ fourth haḳafah | Frankfurt am Main | Franklin Delano Roosevelt | free translation | French Empire | French Jewry | Friday | fundamental principles of rabbinic judaism | Fürth | Fustat | Game of Thrones | Gemini | gender expression | gender roles | geonic period | Geonic prayers | German Empire | German Jewry | German Reform Movement | German translation | German vernacular prayer | גשם geshem | גלגול נפשות gilgul nefashot | Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) | Gothic translation | graduation | Grand Sanhedrin | Gratitude | Great Britain | Grief | growing | growth | gut vokh | חבּ״ד ḤaBaD Lubavitch | חבקוק Ḥabaquq | חד גדיא Ḥad Gadya | האל בתעצימות ha-El b'taatsumōt | חג הבנות Ḥag HaBanot | haggadah supplements | ההיכלות ויורדי המרכבה haHeikhalot v'Yordei haMerkavah | hair | hair-cutting | Haketía | הללו־יה hallelu-yah | Haman | הנותן תשועה haNotén Teshuah | harvest loss | השכיבנו hashkivenu | חסידי אשכנז Ḥasidei Ashkenaz | Ḥasidic | חסידים ḥassidim | חתימות ḥatimot (concluding prayers) | היום תאמצנו Hayom T'amtsenu | ḥayot | hazon et hakol | חזנות ḥazzanut | Healing | Hebrew translation | heikhalot literature | Hekhalot | Hermes Trismegistus | heroic women | High-Elven | High Middle Ages | Himyar | הנני hineni | historiola | Holy Roman Empire | Homo Signorum | human stampedes and crowd crushes | hymns | hymns of creation | iconoclastic | צה״ל IDF | immersion | in the merit of martyrs | in the merit of Matatiyah | In the merit of Miriam | In the merit of Moshe Rabbeinu | in the merit of our ancestors | in the merit of Yitsḥaq | in the merit of Yosef | incantation | infants | עינוי Innui (self-affliction) | interpretive translation | invisible sun | Irish vernacular | Irish War of Independence | iron in folklore | Israel | Italian Jewry | Italian translation | Italian vernacular prayer | Italian War of Independence | Izmir | ירושלם Jerusalem | Jewish Antiquities | Jewish burial | Jewish-Christian relations | Jewish Renewal | Jewish Women's Prayers | Jews of India | Judaean Desert Scrolls | Judeo-Arabic | Judeo-Berber | Judeo-Georgian | Judeo-Greek | Judeo-Provençal | Judeo-Spanish | Judeo-Tajik | Judeo-Tamaziɣt | Judezmo | judgement | Judith | Ḳ.Ḳ. Shearith Israel | קבלת שבת kabbalat shabbat | קדיש ḳaddish | קדיש דרבנן Ḳaddish D'Rabanan | קדיש שלם Ḳaddish shalem | קדיש יתום Mourner's Ḳaddish | Kaifeng | קלנדס Ḳalends | קמעות ḳame'ot | כפרות kaparot | Kavkazi Jewry | כבוד kavod | כוונות kavvanot | קרובות ḳerovot | Keter | kheyder | קידוש ḳiddush | kindling | King Charles Ⅲ | Kohelet | kol nidrei | Krymchak | Kurdish Jewry | L.L. Zamenhoff | labor exploitation | labyrinth | Ladino Translation | Ladino vernacular prayer | למנציח Lamnatse'aḥ | lamp lighting | Late Antiquity | Late Bronze Age | Late Tannaitic | Latin translation | Latin vernacular | Leah | leket psukim | Leopold I | liberation | Life of David HaMelekh | lip service | Liturgical customs of Kabbalists | Livorno | למענך l'maankha | local communal deliverance commemorations | logos | L'Olam Yehei Adam | lonely man of faith | love | love your fellow as yourself | אהבת ישראל loving Yisrael | לוח lu'aḥ | Lurianic Kabbalah | מערבות maaravot | מעריב ערבים ma'ariv aravim | Maccabean Revolt | המקבים Maccabees | macranthropy | Mafteah Shlomo | Maghrebi Jewry | Magic | magical recipes | מה נאכל בסעודה הזו mah nokhal baseudah hazo | Man of Signs | Manna | Marathi vernacular prayer | marriage | martyrdom | Masekhet Soferim | Mäṣḥäf Ḳədus | Mazal Aqrav | Mazal Dagim | Mazal D'li | Mazal G'di | MAZAL QESHET | Mazal Shor | Mazal Taleh | Mazal Teomim | medieval megillot | מדינת ישראל Medinat Yisrael | Megillat Antiokhus | מגילת אסתר Megillat Esther | Megillat Yehudit | Memorial prayers | men | mesostic | Metz | מי שענה Mi She’anah | מי שברך mi sheberakh | microcosm | microcosmism | mid-first millennium CE | Middle-Earth | Middle Egyptian | Midrash HaGadol | military | Minhag Aleppo Musta'arabi | Miriam | Miriam's well | מזמור Mizmor | Monday | Mordekhai | Morocco | Mosheh Rabbenu | משיח Moshiaḥ | mourning | Mourning this Broken World | Musaf Rosh Hashanah | Musaf Yom Kippur | music making | mysterious fish | mythical feasts | mytho-historical chronicles | Naphtali | Napoleon Bonaparte | national anthems | Needing Translation (into Arabic) | Needing Attribution | Needing citation references | Needing Translation (into English) | Needing Source Images | Needing Proofreading | Needing Transcription | Needing Vocalization | ne'ila | נעילה neilah | neo-lurianic | נר תמיד ner tamid | neshamah | Netherlandish Jewry | Netherlands | new moon | New York | night | נרצה Nirtsah | נשמת כל חי Nishmat kol ḥai | nisuin | נח Noaḥ | Noaḥide covenant | non-dual theology | North America | North American Conference on Ethiopian Jewry | North American Jewry | Nusaḥ Anglia | Nusaḥ Ashkenaz | nusaḥ baladi | Nusaḥ Comtat Venaissin | Nusaḥ Erets Yisrael | Nusaḥ Farsi | Nusaḥ Ha-Ari z"l | Nusaḥ Romaniote | Nusaḥ Sefaradi | Nusaḥ TsaHaL | ocean | ohev amo | Oḥilah la'El | Old English translation | Old Norse translation | Oliver Cromwell | Opening Prayers | oral torah | origin stories | otiyot | Ottoman Egypt | Ottoman Empire | Pandemic | Papiamentu translation | parabiblical aggadah | paraliturgical | paraliturgical birkat haḥodesh | paraliturgical birkat hamazon | paraliturgical hanoten teshuah | paraliturgical hashkivenu | Paraliturgical Prayer for the New Month | paraliturgical teḥinot | parenting | parody | particularism and universalism | פתח אליהו Pataḥ Eliyahu | peace | Pedagogical songs | People's Crusade | performing mitsvot | פסוקי דזמרה pesuqei dezimrah | petiḥah | Openers | Philadelphia | physical labor | פיקוח נפש piqoaḥ nefesh | Pisces | the pitom of the etrog | פיוטים piyyuṭim | פזמונים pizmonim | polemic | Polish vernacular prayer | polyglot | Pope Benedict XIV | Portuguese Jewry | Portuguese translation | post-Temple animal slaughter | Poszony | Prague | שבח praise | Prayer by Proxy | Prayers after meals | תפילות קודם התפילה Prayers before Praying | Prayers before Torah Study | prayers concerning children | prayers following pogroms | Prayers on behalf of children | Prayers for leaders | prayers for mothers | Prayers for Precipitation | prayers for pregnant women | prayers for the road | prayers for the way | Prayers in Film | Prayers in the Babylonian Talmud | Prayers of Freemasons | prayers of orphans | Prayers of Primary Caregivers | prayers of ḳabbalists | Prayers of redress | prayers of the shaliaḥ tsibbur | pre-rabbinic judaism | predation | predatory gaze | pregnancy | preparation | Pressburg | Private Amidah | Private Prayer | Problematic prayers | prophetic revelation | prophylactic | prostration | protection | Psalm of the Day | תהלים Psalms | Psalmsploitation | Psukei Dezimra | Public Amidah | קבלה ḳabbalah | קדושה Qedushah | קפיצת הדרך ḳfitsat haderekh | קינות Ḳinōt | Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ | Queen Esther | Queen Victoria | Queens | Quenya translation | Raḥav | Rain | Rainbow Day | rainfall | rebuke | reconstructed text | געולה ge'ulah (redemption) | redemptive almsgiving | Reform Jewry | reincarnation | religious school | remixed biblical verse | הוצאת ספר תורה Removal of the Torah from the Ark | Renewal | רשות reshut | resistance | REUVEN | Rhineland Massacres | rhyming translation | רבון העולמים Ribon haOlamim | ritual power | ritual purity | role models | Roman minhag | Romaniote | romanticism | Russian Empire | Ruth | Sabaic translation | salvation | סנדלפון Sandalfon | Without a Minyan | סטרנורא Saturnalia | school | school of the ARI z"l | Scorpio | second Purims | Second Reich | Second Temple Period | ספר הפליאה Sefer haPeliah | ספר הקנה Sefer haQanah | ספר יצירה Sefer Yetsirah | ספירת העומר sefirat haomer | ספירות sefirot | סגולות segulot | Seleucid Greek Occupation | self-discipline | self-sacrifice | סליחות səliḥot | sexual predation | sexual violence | שבת shabbat | שבת הגדול Shabbat haGadol | שבת מבורכים shabbat mevorkhim | שבת נחמו Shabbat Naḥamu | פרשת תרומה parashat Terumah | פרשת תולדת parashat Toldot | שבת שקלים Shabbat Sh'qalim | שבת שירה shabbat shirah | shalmah | שלום עליכם shalom aleikhem | shamanic praxis | שבועות Shavuot | שכינה Shekhinah | שמע shemaŋ | שבע ברכות sheva brakhot | Shevet Issachar | Shevet Yehudah | שדים sheydim | שיר Shir | שיר הכבוד shir hakavod | שיר היחוד Shir haYiḥud | שיר של יום Shir Shel Yom | שירת הים Shirat haYam | singing translation | sleep | socialism | Solo | Song of Ice and Fire | Song of the Sea | soporifics | South Carolina | Spanish-Portuguese | Spanish Translation | speech acts | spirituals | Spring | stars | stimulant | Sunday | Synagogues | Tabernacle | תחנונים taḥanunim | טהרה taharah | talmud torah | Tannaitic | Tannaitic prayers | תרגום targum | תשלומים tashlumim | Taurus | תענו ותעתרו Tayanu v'tayatru | תפילת הדרך tefilat haderekh | תפלין tefillin | תחינות teḥinot | thankfulness | thanksgiving | the first month | the Furnace | the higher the fewer | the Holocaust | THE HUNTER | the KA | המשכן the Mishkan | המזבח the Mizbe'aḥ | the moon | the Netherlands | the Pit | the Rainbow | the second month | השואה the Shoah | the Throne | theophany | Third Reich | Thursday | tithing | תחינות tkhines | Tobit | תוכחות tokheḥot | tombstones | Torah as intercessor | traditional egalitarian | trave | travel by water | traveler | Trees | trepidation | Tribe of Dan | צער באלי חיים tsa'ar baalei ḥayyim | Tsar Alexander II | Tsar Nicholas II | צדקה tsedaqah | צור משלו Tsur Mishelo | Tuesday | Tunisia | Twins | Ugaritic translation | ונתנה תקף unetaneh toqef | United States | Universal Peace | universalist | universalist prayers | Uriel | אושפיזתא Ushpizata | אושפיזין ushpizin | ובמקהלות uvMaqhalot | Valyrian translation | ויברך דויד Vayivarekh David | vengeance | via negativa | וידוי vidui | וידוים viduyim | Vilna | waking | walled cities | watchfulness | weaning | wedding blessings | Wednesday | Western Aramaic | Western Sepharadim | wheat | Wheel | Wine | winter | women | World War Ⅰ | World War Ⅱ | Wreath | wrestling | Yehi Kavod | Yemenite Jewry | Yeshayahu | Yevanic | Yiddish songs | Yiddish translation | Yiddish vernacular prayer | יחוד yiḥud | ישתבח Yishtabaḥ | ישראל Yisrael | יצחק Yitsḥaq | יזכור yizkor | Yokheved | Yom Kippur | יוצר אור yotser ohr | יובל Yovel Jubilee | זמירות zemirot | Zevulun | Zilpah | זמן תשובה Zman teshuvah | Zoharic prayers | birkhot hashaḥar | in the merit of Raḥel | Minḥah | naḥshon ben aminadav | Neḥemyah | Nusaḥ Cochin | Nusaḥ Italḳi | Nusaḥ Roma | Nusaḥ Šingli | pre-Pesaḥ | Psalms 1 | Raḥel | Rosh Ḥodesh Elul (אֶלוּל) | King George Ⅱ | King William Ⅳ | Psalms 2 | אין אדיר Ayn Adir | הכל יודוך hakol yodukha | חצי קדיש ḥatsi ḳaddish | טל tal | עזרת אבותנו ezrat avotenu | על הראשונים al harishonim | שוכן עד shokhen ad | Psalms 10 | 17 Shəvat | 28 Adar | 42 letter divine name | Psalms 67 | Psalms 92 | Psalms 93 | Psalms 94 | Psalms 95 | Psalms 96 | Psalms 97 | Psalms 98 | Psalms 99 | 100 blessings a day | paraliturgical psalms 100 | Psalms 100 | Psalms 104 | Psalms 107 | Psalms 111 | Psalms 112 | Psalms 122 | Psalms 126 | Psalms 145 | Psalms 146 | Psalms 147 | Psalms 148 | Psalms 149 | Psalms 150 | Psalms 151 | Chmielnicki massacres of 1648–1649 | Revolutions of 1917–1923 | Pogroms in Ukraine 1918-1924 | 2023-2024 Israel–Hamas war | 2nd century B.C.E. | 2nd century C.E. | 3rd century C.E. | 5th century C.E. | 7th century C.E. | 8th century C.E. | 9th century C.E. | 11th century C.E. | 12th century C.E. | 13th century C.E. | 14th century C.E. | 15th century C.E. | 16th century C.E. | 17th century C.E. | 18th century C.E. 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Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut) | Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) | Yaakov Wasilewicz (translation) | Aharon N. Varady (transcription) | Aharon N. Varady (translation) | the Masoretic Text | Masoretic layer 'J' | Masoretic kernel 'E' | Israel Brodie | Yaakov ben Yehudah Ḥazzan of London | Zalman Schachter-Shalomi (translation) | Shawn Eyer | William Wotton (translation) | Pádraig Pearse | Ilene Winn-Lederer | Aharon N. Varady | Akiva Sanders (translation) | Unknown Translator(s) | Shlomo Jack Enkin Lewis | Jewish Language Project | Moshe Tanenbaum | Elie Kaunfer | Anonymous (translation) | R' Hillel Ḥayyim Lavery-Yisraëli | Ephraim Mirvis | Office of the Chief Rabbi of the UHC of the UK & the Commonwealth | Morris M. Faierstein (translation) | Yaaqov ben Yitsḥaq Ashkenazi | Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR) | Artur Carlos de Barros Basto | Richard Collis (translation) | Moses Gaster | Yeraḥmiel ben Shlomo | Dovi Seldowitz | Christopher S. Morrissey (translation) | James Koppel Gutheim | Gotthold Salomon | Immanuel Wohlwill | Maimon Fraenkel | Hyman Hurwitz | Hermann Gollancz | Isaac Gantwerk Mayer | Tsva ha-Haganah l'Yisrael | Yitzchok Zilberstein | Chava Turniansky (transcription) | Sara Friedman (translation) | Glikl bat Yehudah Leib | Felix Adler | Jacob Chatinover (translation) | Erin Piateski (translation) | Abraham (Vita) de Cologna | Joseph David Sinẓheim | Consistoire central israélite de France | Shimon ben Eliyahu Hakham | Reuven Enoch (translation) | Tamari Lomtadze (translation) | David de Aaron de Sola (translation) | Avi Shmidman | Elḥanan Durlacher | Ḳahal Ḳadosh Beth Elohim (Charleston, South Carolina) | Yahnatan Lasko (translation) | Nina Davis Salaman (translation) | Ḥayyim Obadyah | Binyamin Benisch ben Yehudah Loeb ha-Kohen | Franz Rosenzweig (translation) | Everett Fox | Michael A. Morgan (translation/English) | Arthur Waskow | Roy Kotansky (translation) | Johannes Niehoff-Panagiotidis (translation) | Elisabeth Hollender (translation) | David Asher (translation) | Sara Lapidot (translation) | Annie Kantar (translation) | Joshua de Sola Mendes (transcription) | David Lévi Alvarès | David Levi (translation) | Isaac Pinto (translation) | Johann Stephan Rittangel (Latin translation) | Nisim haLevy Tsahtsir | Alice Lucas (translation) | David de Sola Pool | Yaaqov Mosheh Ḥai Altarats (translation) | Simeon Singer (translation) | Isaac Leeser (translation) | David de Aaron de Sola | Shoshana Michael Zucker (translation) | Tsvi Hirsch Filipowski (translation) | Aliza Arzt | Isabel Bard (translation) | Jason of Cyrene | Septuagint (translation/Greek) | Leslie Weatherhead | Yaacov Maoz | Ḳaraite Jews of America | the Masorti Movement in Israel | Oren Steinitz | James Alan Montgomery (translation) | Richard Gottheil (transcription) | Emily Kesselman (art & transcription) | Pablo A. Torijano (translation) | Paltiel Birnbaum (translation) | David ben Yishai (traditional attribution) | Meena-Lifshe Viswanath (translation) | Zach Golden (translation) | Noam Lerman (translation) | Der Tekhines Proyekt | Zalman Schachter-Shalomi | Shaul Vardi (translation) | Levi Weiman-Kelman (translation) | Efrat Rotem (translation) | Tracy Guren Klirs (translation) | Norman Tarnor (translation) | Theodotion (translation/Greek) | Jason Schapera (translation) | John C. Reeves (translation) | Menaḥem Tsvi Kaddari | Jacques Faïtlovitch (translation) | Mendel Spalter (translation) | Naomi Socher-Lerner | Baruch Jean Thaler (translation) | Aharon N. Varady (digital imaging and document preparation) | Jonah Rank (translation) | Nir Krakauer (translation) | Rokhl Esther bat Aviḥayil | Yosef Goldman | Gabriel Kretzmer Seed (translation) | Mordecai Kaplan | David Seidenberg (translation) | Neohasid·org | Shir Yaakov Feinstein-Feit | Moshe ben Maimon | Estampado por Ǧ. Griffit | Yehoyesh Shloyme Blumgarten (translation) | The Yehoyesh Project (transcription) | Rabbi Jacob Jehudah Leão (translation) | Rabbi Julia Andelman | Lisa Exler | Susan Weingarten (translation) | Moshe Shmi'el Dascola | Refoyl Finkl (translation) | Yudis Retig (translation) | Yocheved Retig (translation) | Levi Yitsḥaq Derbarmdiger Rosakov of Berditchev | Jonah S. Boyarin (translation) | Menasseh ben Israel (translation) | Anat Hochberg (translation) | Hillary Chorny | Daniel Chorny | Rabbi Natan Slifkin | Joel Goldstein (translation) | Shim'on Menachem | Lieba B. Ruth | David Seidenberg | Shmueli Gonzales (transcription)
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“Just Walk Beside Me” (לֵךְ פָּשׁוּט לְצִדִּי | امشي بجانبي | נאָר גיין לעבן מיר), lines from an unknown author circulating in 1970; Jewish adaptation with translations in Aramaic, Hebrew, Yiddish, and Arabic
Contributed by Moshe Tanenbaum | Unknown Author(s) | Aharon N. Varady (transcription) | Aharon N. Varady (translation) | Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) | ❧
Variations of the original three lines culminating with “…walk beside me…” first appear in high school yearbooks beginning in 1970. The earliest recorded mention we could find was in The Northern Light, the 1970 yearbook of North Attleboro High School, Massachusetts. In the Jewish world of the early to mid-1970s, a young Moshe Tanenbaum began transmitting the lines at Jewish summer camps. In 1979, as Uncle Moishy, Tanenbaum published a recording of the song under the title “v’Ohavta” (track A4 on The Adventures of Uncle Moishy and the Mitzvah Men, volume 2). . . .
Tabula Smaragdina (The Emerald Tablet) in Arabic and Judeo-Arabic, with Hebrew and English translations
Contributed by Unknown Author(s) | Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut) | Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation) | ❧
The Tabula Smaragdina, or the Emerald Tablet, is a cryptic and compact work, part of the Technical Hermetica — a genre of mystical and magical texts of great popularity in the medieval and renaissance era. Traditionally attributed to the legendary figure Hermes Trismegistus, it is considered a foundational text for Near Eastern and European alchemy. It is the ultimate source of the popular occultist expression “as above, so below,” although that specific expression doesn’t appear in the original Arabic text as found in the ninth-century Secret of Creation. . . .