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Isaac Seligman Baer

Seligman (Isaac) Baer was a masoretic scholar, and an editor of the Hebrew Bible and of Jewish liturgy. He was born in Mosbach, the northern district of Biebrich, Sept. 18, 1825 and died at Biebrich-on-the-Rhine, March, 1897. He belonged to the school of Wolf Heidenheim, and had in his possession some of Heidenheim's original manuscripts and personal copies of his published works with handwritten marginal notes. Baer's monumental edition of the Jewish prayerbook according to the Ashkenazic rite, Seder Avodat Yisrael (Rödelheim, 1868), accompanied by a critical commentary, became the authoritative model for numerous editions published subsequently in the 20th century. His editions of the Jewish liturgy also include Kinnot for the fast of the ninth of Av. He never occupied an academic position, but was content with the office of Hebrew teacher to the Jewish community of Biebrich. In recognition of his services to the Commission for the History of the Jews in Germany, the honorary degree of doctor of philosophy was conferred upon him by the University of Leipzig.

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תשלומי קדיש יתום כשאין מניין | Replacement for the Orphans’ Ḳaddish when praying alone or when there is no minyan (1900)

Contributed by: Jonah Rank (translation), Isaac Seligman Baer

“Gebet Statt Kaddisch” is a memorial prayer replacement (tashlum) for the ḳaddish yatom (orphans’ ḳaddish) when praying alone or where there is no minyan. It is found in Dr. Seligmann Baer and Rabbi Joseph Nobel’s Tozeoth Chajm: Vollständiges Gebet- und Erbauungsbuch zum Gebrauche bei Kranken, Sterbenden… (1900).


Rules of Etiquette for Public Prayer, by Isaac Seligman Baer (1868)

Contributed by: Isaac Seligman Baer, Reuven Brauner

The impetus for writing this monograph came from a long-time observation that most worshipers and, by extension Shalechei Tzibur [prayer leaders], are either generally unaware of certain basic Laws regarding Public Prayer and Conduct in the Synagogue or simply lax in their proper observance. As such, I felt that there is a need to refresh in the minds of the general public certain fundamental regulations in these areas. I have chosen to translate the prefatory pages relating to these matters from the classic Siddur Avodas Yisroel by Dr. Seligmann Baer, published in Rödelheim in 1868. His summary is terse, yet comprehensive, and very closely aligned with the accepted Halochoh. Although, in those instances where there is a difference from commonly accepted practice and custom, I have tried to augment his text with instructions found in the popular Siddur Tefilas Kol Peh (TKP, Shaliach Tzibur edition, published by Eshkol, Jerusalem, and which was prepared in accordance with the Mishne Berura) and other sources.


Schedule for the Reading of Psalms corresponding to Festivals, Commemorative Days and Parashot, according to Seligman Baer’s Seder Avodat Yisrael (1868)

Contributed by: Aharon N. Varady (transcription), Isaac Seligman Baer

A schedule for the reading of psalms for the Jewish calendar year including festivals, special Shabbatot, and for each Shabbat with its parashah, according to Isaac Seligman Baer in his Seder Avodat Yisrael (1868).


📄 שחרית לשבת (אשכנז)‏ | Shaḥarit (Shabbat) Nusaḥ Ashkenaz, from Seder Avodat Yisrael (Isaac Seligman Baer, 1868)

Contributed by: Isaac Seligman Baer

This is a transcription of the liturgy for Shaḥarit (Shabbat) according to the liturgical custom of Ashkenaz as prepared by Isaac Seligman Baer in his Seder Avodat Yisrael (1868).


📖 סדר עבודת ישראל (אשכנז)‏ | Seder Avodat Yisroel, a critical text of the Siddur annotated by Isaac Seligman Baer (1868)

Contributed by: Efraim Feinstein, Isaac Seligman Baer

Join us in creating a faithful digital transcription of the Seder Avodat Yisrael (Isaac Seligman Baer, 1868), a critical text of the nusaḥ Ashkeanaz. After transcription and proofreading, this new digital edition will be shared under a Creative Commons Zero (CC0) Public Domain dedication. The edition will then be encoded in TEI XML and archived in the Open Siddur database, a libre Open Access liturgy database.


יְחִיד עֶֽרֶץ | Yeḥid Erets — an ofan piyyuṭ for the second Shabbat after Pesaḥ and the Shabbat between Yom Kippur and Sukkot in the liturgical custom of Bohemia and Moravia

Contributed by: Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (translation), Isaac Seligman Baer, Yaaqov ben Meir

An ofan piyyuṭ for the second shabbat after Pesaḥ, as well as the Shabbat between Yom Kippur and Sukkot, recited in the minhag of Pehm and Bruna (Bohemia and Moravia). Signed with the name “Yaakov,” this ofan is of uncertain origin but has been attributed to R. Yaakov ben Meir, more well known as Rabbeinu Tam. Also included is Seligman Baer’s German translation, as well as an original English translation.


אָתָֽאנוּ לְךָ יוֹצֵר | Atanu l’Kha Yotsér (Am siebzehnten Tag des Tamuz) — a seliḥah of unknown authorship (German translation by Isaac Seligman Baer)

Contributed by: Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Seligman Baer, Unknown

This is a transcription of “Atanu l’Kha Yotsér,” a seliḥah for the 17th of Tammuz of unknown authorship found in 13th century Ashkenazi manuscripts and translated by Isaac Seligman Baer in הסליחות לכל השנה: לפי מנהג האשכנזים Ha-Seliḥot le-khol ha-shanah: le-fi minhag ha-Ashkenazim (1865), pp. 558-561..


שְׁעֵה נֶאֱסַר | Shə’éh Neèsar (Am Tage, da der Feind siegte und die Stadt erstürmte), a seliḥah by Shlomo ibn Gabirol (German translation by Isaac Seligman Baer)

Contributed by: Isaac Gantwerk Mayer (transcription & naqdanut), Isaac Seligman Baer, Shlomo ibn Gabirol

This is a transcription of “Shə’éh Neèsar,” a seliḥah for the 17th of Tammuz by Shlomo ibn Gabirol and translated by Isaac Seligman Baer in הסליחות לכל השנה: לפי מנהג האשכנזים Ha-Seliḥot le-khol ha-shanah: le-fi minhag ha-Ashkenazim (1865), pp. 566-569.



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